C 程序比较两个文件并报告不匹配项
在 C 编程语言中,程序员可访问文件并读写其中的内容。
文件是一种可存储信息的简单内存块,在此,我们仅关注文本。
在本程序中,我们将比较两个文件并报告发生的差异。这些文件几乎相同,但可能含有一些不同的字符。此外,程序将返回第一个差异发生的文件的行和位置。
算法
Step 1: Open both the file with pointer at the starting. Step 2: Fetch data from file as characters one by one. Step 3: Compare the characters. If the characters are different then return the line and position of the error character.
示例
#include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> #include<stdlib.h> void compareFiles(FILE *file1, FILE *file2){ char ch1 = getc(file1); char ch2 = getc(file2); int error = 0, pos = 0, line = 1; while (ch1 != EOF && ch2 != EOF){ pos++; if (ch1 == '
' && ch2 == '
'){ line++; pos = 0; } if (ch1 != ch2){ error++; printf("Line Number : %d \tError" " Position : %d
", line, pos); } ch1 = getc(fp1); ch2 = getc(fp2); } printf("Total Errors : %d\t", error); } int main(){ FILE *file1 = fopen("file1.txt", "r"); FILE *file2 = fopen("file2.txt", "r"); if (file1 == NULL || file2 == NULL){ printf("Error : Files not open"); exit(0); } compareFiles(file1, file2); fclose(file1); fclose(file2); return 0; }
输出
// content of the files File1 : Hello! Welcome to tutorials Point File2: Hello! Welcome to turoials point Line number: 2 Error position: 15 Total error : 1
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