在Selenium中如何通过多个类名查找div元素?
我们可以通过多个类名查找元素。如果一个元素的class属性设置了多个值,这些值用空格隔开,则称为复合类名。
让我们看看具有复合类名的网页元素的HTML代码:
如果我们同时使用toc和chapters这两个值作为类名定位符,将会出现异常。相反,规则是类名定位符只能有一个class属性值。
语法
WebElement l = driver.findElement(By.className("toc")); //Invalid locator value with className locator WebElement l = driver.findElement(By.className("toc chapters"));
示例
import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; public class ClssLocator{ public static void main(String[] args) { System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\Users\ghs6kor\Desktop\Java\chromedriver.exe"); WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); //launch URL driver.get("https://tutorialspoint.com/about/about_careers.htm/"); //identify element with className having compound classes WebElement l = driver.findElement(By.className("toc")); //verify if element is displayed boolean b = l.isDisplayed(); System.out.println(b); driver.quit(); } }
输出
使用css定位符,我们可以使用为class属性设置的所有值。方法是将所有值用点(.)连接起来,并在css表达式的开头也添加一个点(.)。
语法
WebElement l = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(".toc.chapters"));
示例
import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; public class CssSelectorLocator{ public static void main(String[] args) { System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\Users\ghs6kor\Desktop\Java\chromedriver.exe"); WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); //launch URL driver.get("https://tutorialspoint.com/about/about_careers.htm/"); //identify element with css having compound classes WebElement l = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(".toc.chapters")); //verify if element is displayed boolean b = l.isDisplayed(); System.out.println(b); driver.quit(); } }
输出
使用css和xpath定位符,我们可以通过使用class作为属性,然后将整个class值用引号括起来,来包含class属性的所有值。
语法
WebElement l = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//ul[@class='toc chapters']")); WebElement m = driver .findElement(By.cssSelector("ul[class='toc chapters']"));
示例
import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; public class XpathLocator{ public static void main(String[] args) { System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\Users\ghs6kor\Desktop\Java\chromedriver.exe"); WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); //launch URL driver.get ("https://tutorialspoint.com/about/about_careers.htm/"); //identify element with xpath having compound classes WebElement l = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("ul[class='toc chapters']")); //verify if element is displayed boolean b = l.isDisplayed(); System.out.println(b); driver.quit(); } }
输出
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