如何使用 HTML、CSS 和 JavaScript 设计打地鼠游戏?
在本教程中,我们将使用 HTML、CSS 和原生 JavaScript 构建著名的 打地鼠游戏。你们中的许多人可能想知道什么是原生 JavaScript,它仅仅是指不使用任何库的纯 JavaScript。在打地鼠游戏中,玩家需要用锤子击打老鼠以获得分数并赢得游戏。
方法
要设计打地鼠游戏,我们需要使用 HTML、CSS 和 JavaScript 编写代码。
步骤 1 − 首先,让我们看一下代码的 HTML 部分;在此部分中,我们通过指定背景、标题和玩家的分数显示来为游戏提供基本设计。我们还提供了两个按钮来启动和停止游戏,最后我们设计了用于击打老鼠的锤子。
步骤 2 − 在下一步中,我们编写游戏的 CSS 部分,在其中我们通过添加动画和其他各种效果来为游戏提供样式,还定义背景和文本的颜色,以及为文本提供大小和锤子的旋转。
步骤 3 − 在最后一部分中,我们编写原生 JavaScript,在其中我们执行一些任务,例如计算分数、启动和停止游戏循环,以及将光标转换为锤子,以便我们可以像移动光标一样移动它来击打老鼠。
示例
在下面的示例中,我们使用 HTML、CSS 和原生 JavaScript 设计了一个打地鼠游戏。我们在方法中讨论了所有步骤。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <title>Hit-The-Mouse</title> <style>/* Restoring all the browser effects */ * { margin: 0; padding: 0; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Dancing Script', cursive; cursor: none; } /* Setting up the bg-color, text-color and alignment to all body elements */ body { background-color: red; color: yellow; justify-content: center; } .heading { font-size: 2em; margin: 1em 0; text-align: center; } .score { font-size: 1.3em; margin: 1em; text-align: center; } .holes { width: 600px; height: 300px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0 auto; } .hole { flex: 1 0 33.33%; overflow: hidden; position: relative; } /* Use of pseudo classes */ .hole:after { display: block; background: url('https://www.pngkey.com/png/full/60-608187_hole-hole-in-ground-png.png') bottom center no-repeat; background-size: contain; content: ''; width: 100%; height: 70px; position: absolute; z-index: 20; bottom: -30px; } .rat { position: absolute; z-index: 20; height: 10vh; bottom: 0; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); animation: move 0.5s linear; } .buttons { margin: 3em 0 0 0; text-align: center; } .button { background-color: inherit; padding: 15px 45px; border: #fff 2px solid; border-radius: 4px; color: rgb(21, 14, 235); font-size: 0.8em; font-weight: 900; outline: none; } .stop { display: none; } .hammer img { position: absolute; height: 125px; z-index: 400; transform: translate(-20px, -50px); pointer-events: none; animation: marne_wale_effects 0.1s ease; } @keyframes move { from { bottom: -60px; } to { bottom: 0; } } @keyframes marne_wale_effects { from { transform: rotate(0deg); } to { transform: rotate(-40deg); } } </style> <link href= "https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Dancing+Script:wght@700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com"> </head> <body> <div class="heading"> <h3>Hit the mouse with a hammer</h3> </div> <div class="score"> <h3>Score--> <span>0</span></h3> </div> <div class="holes"> <div class="hole hole1"></div> <div class="hole hole2"></div> <div class="hole hole3"></div> <div class="hole hole4"></div> <div class="hole hole5"></div> <div class="hole hole6"></div> </div> <div class="buttons"> <button class="button start"> ON </button> <button class="button stop"> OFF </button> </div> <div class="hammer"> <img src= 'https://i.pinimg.com/originals/08/d4/c4/08d4c4232ad5c3b152835810d8339de9.png'> </div> <script> const score = document.querySelector('.score span') const holes = document.querySelectorAll('.hole') const start_btn = document.querySelector('.buttons .start') const stop_btn = document.querySelector('.buttons .stop') const cursor = document.querySelector('.hammer img') // Here we changing our default cursor to hammer // (e) refers to event handler window.addEventListener('mousemove', (e) => { cursor.style.top = e.pageY + "px" cursor.style.left = e.pageX + "px" }) // It is used to give the animation to // our hammer every time we click it // on our screen window.addEventListener('click', () => { cursor.style.animation = 'none' setTimeout(() => { cursor.style.animation = '' }, 101) }) // From this part our game starts when // we click on the start button start_btn.addEventListener('click', () => { start_btn.style.display = 'none' stop_btn.style.display = 'inline-block' let holee let points = 0 const game = setInterval(() => { // Here we are taking a random hole // from where mouse comes out let ran = Math.floor(Math.random() * 6) holee = holes[ran] // This part is used for taking the // mouse up to the desired hole let set_img = document.createElement('img') set_img.setAttribute('src','https://image.similarpng.com/very-thumbnail/2021/12/Rat-isolated-on-transparent-background-PNG.png') set_img.setAttribute('class', 'rat') holee.appendChild(set_img) // This part is used for taking // the mouse back to the hole setTimeout(() => { holee.removeChild(set_img) }, 700); }, 800) // It is used for adding our points // to 0 when we hit to the mouse window.addEventListener('click', (e) => { if (e.target === holee) score.innerText = ++points; }) stop_btn.addEventListener('click', () => { clearInterval(game) stop_btn.style.display = 'none' start_btn.style.display = 'inline-block' score.innerHTML = '0' }) }) </script> </body> </html>
要开始游戏,请用锤子点击“开”按钮。游戏开始后,老鼠会从六个洞中的任何一个出现。你必须在它消失之前击打老鼠。当你击打老鼠时,分数会增加 1。要停止游戏,请用锤子点击“关”按钮。
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