活动选择问题(贪婪算法 1)用 C++ 编写?
给定 n 项不同的活动及其开始时间和结束时间。选择一个人解决的最大活动数。
我们将使用贪婪算法来找到剩余活动中完成时间最短的下一项活动,并且其开始时间大于或等于上次选定活动的完成时间。
当列表未排序时,此问题的复杂度为 O(n log n)。如果提供了已排序的列表,则复杂度将为 O(n)。
输入
一份具有开始和结束时间的不同活动的列表。
{(5,9), (1,2), (3,4), (0,6), (5,7), (8,9)}
输出
选定的活动为 −
Activity: 0 , Start: 1 End: 2 Activity: 1 , Start: 3 End: 4 Activity: 3 , Start: 5 End: 7 Activity: 5 , Start: 8 End: 9
算法
maxActivity(act, size)
输入 - 活动列表以及列表中的元素数。
输出 - 已选择的活动顺序。
Begin initially sort the given activity List set i := 1 display the i-th activity //in this case it is the first activity for j := 1 to n-1 do if start time of act[j] >= end of act[i] then display the jth activity i := j done End
示例
#include<iostream> #include<algorithm> using namespace std; struct Activitiy { int start, end; }; bool comp(Activitiy act1, Activitiy act2) { return (act1.end < act2.end); } void maxActivity(Activitiy act[], int n) { sort(act, act+n, comp); //sort activities using compare function cout << "Selected Activities are: " << endl; int i = 0;// first activity as 0 is selected cout << "Activity: " << i << " , Start: " <<act[i].start << " End: " << act[i].end <<endl; for (int j = 1; j < n; j++) { //for all other activities if (act[j].start >= act[i].end) { //when start time is >=end time, print the activity cout << "Activity: " << j << " , Start: " <<act[j].start << " End: " << act[j].end <<endl; i = j; } } } int main() { Activitiy actArr[] = {{5,9},{1,2},{3,4},{0,6},{5,7},{8,9}}; int n = 6; maxActivity(actArr,n); return 0; }
输出
Selected Activities are: Activity: 0 , Start: 1 End: 2 Activity: 1 , Start: 3 End: 4 Activity: 3 , Start: 5 End: 7 Activity: 5 , Start: 8 End: 9
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