C++程序:求所有被灯照亮的单元格的总和
假设我们有一个H行W列的网格。每个方格都是整洁的或不整洁的。我们可以在这个网格中的零个或多个整洁的方格上放置灯。一个灯可以照亮四个方向(上、下、左、右)的单元格,直到到达网格边缘或第一个不整洁的方格(不整洁的单元格不会被照亮)。灯也会照亮它所在的单元格。如果网格中G[i, j]是'.',则该单元格是整洁的;如果是'#',则该单元格是不整洁的。设K为整洁的方格数。共有2^K种放置灯的方法。假设对于这2^K种方法中的每一种,都计算出一个或多个灯照亮的单元格数。我们需要找到这些数字的总和,模10^9 + 7。
因此,如果输入如下所示:
. | . | # |
# | . | . |
则输出将是52
步骤
为了解决这个问题,我们将遵循以下步骤:
m := 10^9 + 7 N = 2003 Define 2D arrays u, l, r, d of order N x N, and another list p with N^2 elements. h := row count of matrix w := column count of matrix tidy := 0 p[0] := 1 for initialize i := 1, when i <= h * w, update (increase i by 1), do: p[i] := p[i - 1] * 2 mod m for initialize i := 0, when i < h, update (increase i by 1), do: for initialize j := 0, when j < w, update (increase j by 1), do: u[i, j] := i l[i, j] := j if i is non-zero, then: u[i, j] := u[i - 1, j] if j is non-zero, then: l[i, j] := l[i, j - 1] if matrix[i, j] is same as '#', then: u[i, j] := i + 1 l[i, j] := j + 1 Otherwise (increase tidy by 1) for initialize i := h - 1, when i >= 0, update (decrease i by 1), do: for initialize j := w - 1, when j >= 0, update (decrease j by 1), do: d[i, j] := i r[i, j] := j if i < h - 1, then: d[i, j] := d[i + 1, j] if j < w - 1, then: r[i, j] := r[i, j + 1] if matrix[i, j] is same as '#', then: d[i, j] := i - 1 r[i, j] := j - 1 cnt := 0 for initialize i := 0, when i < h, update (increase i by 1), do: for initialize j := 0, when j < w, update (increase j by 1), do: if matrix[i, j] is same as '#', then: Ignore following part, skip to the next iteration src := d[i, j] + r[i, j] - u[i, j] - l[i, j] + 1 cnt := (cnt + (p[src] - 1) * p[tidy - src]) mod m return cnt
示例
让我们来看下面的实现,以便更好地理解:
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int m = 1e9 + 7, N = 2003; int u[N][N], l[N][N], r[N][N], d[N][N], p[N * N]; int solve(vector<vector<char>> matrix){ int h = matrix.size(); int w = matrix[0].size(); int tidy = 0; p[0] = 1; for (int i = 1; i <= h * w; ++i) p[i] = p[i - 1] * 2 % m; for (int i = 0; i < h; ++i){ for (int j = 0; j < w; ++j){ u[i][j] = i; l[i][j] = j; if (i) u[i][j] = u[i - 1][j]; if (j) l[i][j] = l[i][j - 1]; if (matrix[i][j] == '#'){ u[i][j] = i + 1; l[i][j] = j + 1; } else ++tidy; } } for (int i = h - 1; i >= 0; --i){ for (int j = w - 1; j >= 0; --j){ d[i][j] = i; r[i][j] = j; if (i < h - 1) d[i][j] = d[i + 1][j]; if (j < w - 1) r[i][j] = r[i][j + 1]; if (matrix[i][j] == '#'){ d[i][j] = i - 1; r[i][j] = j - 1; } } } int cnt = 0; for (int i = 0; i < h; ++i){ for (int j = 0; j < w; ++j){ if (matrix[i][j] == '#') continue; int src = d[i][j] + r[i][j] - u[i][j] - l[i][j] + 1; cnt = (cnt + (p[src] - 1) * p[tidy - src]) % m; } } return cnt; } int main(){ vector<vector<char>> matrix = { { '.', '.', '#' }, { '#', '.', '.' } }; cout << solve(matrix) << endl; }
输入
3, 2, { 1, 5, 9 }, { 2, 4, 2 }
输出
52
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