MySQL 触发器中的“FOR EACH ROW”如何运作?


实际上,“FOR EACH ROW”表示对应行中任意行均可被更新或删除。换句话说,我们可以说触发器不会应用于每一行,它只是表示针对每张相关表行执行触发器主体。我们可以用以下示例对其进行说明——

示例

在此示例中,我们将创建两张表,即 Sample 和 Sample_rowaffected,如下所示——

mysql> Create table Sample(id int, value varchar(20));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.47 sec)

mysql> Insert into Sample(id, value) values(100, 'same'),(101,
'Different'),(500, 'excellent'),(501, 'temporary');
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.04 sec)
Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> Select * from Sample;
+------+-----------+
| id   | value     |
+------+-----------+
| 100  | same      |
| 101  | Different |
| 500  | excellent |
| 501  | temporary |
+------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> Create table Sample_rowaffected(id int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.53 sec)

mysql> Select Count(*) as ‘Rows Affected’ from sample_rowaffected;
+---------------+
| Rows Affected |
+---------------+
|             0 |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.10 sec)

现在,我们将创建一个触发器,在表“Sample”中删除任何值之前触发,如下所示——

mysql> Delimiter //
mysql> Create trigger trigger_before_delete_sample BEFORE DELETE on
Sample
    -> FOR EACH ROW
    -> BEGIN
    -> SET @count = if (@count IS NULL, 1, (@count+1));
    -> INSERT INTO sample_rowaffected values (@count);
    -> END ;
    -> //
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.15 sec)
mysql> Delimiter ;

现在,以下查询将从表“Sample”中删除一些值,并且已删除的行数将存储在 @count 用户变量中——

mysql> Delete from Sample WHERE ID >=500;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.11 sec)

mysql> Select @count;
+--------+
| @count |
+--------+
|      2 |
+--------+
1 row in set (0.03 sec)

借助以下查询,我们可以检查值,这些值因表 sample_rowaffected 中插入的删除操作而受到影响,如下所示——

mysql> Select Count(*) as 'Rows Affected' from sample_rowaffected;
+---------------+
| Rows Affected |
+---------------+
|             2 |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> Select * from Sample;
+------+-----------+
| id   | value     |
+------+-----------+
| 100  | same      |
| 101  | Different |
+------+-----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

通过上述示例,可以清楚地看出,“FOR EACH ROW”表示对应行中任意行均可被更新或删除。

更新于:2020 年 6 月 22 日

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