如何在 Golang 中统计句子中元音和辅音的数量？

在本教程中，我们将了解如何在 Golang 中查找句子中元音和辅音的数量。如果任何字符位于集合 {a, e, i, o , u} 中，则该字符为元音。任何不在上述集合中的字符都是辅音。

解释

假设我们有一个句子“India have twenty eight states and eight union territories”。在这个句子中，加粗的字符是元音。因此，元音总数为 21，辅音为 29。

在函数内查找元音和辅音的计数

算法

步骤 1 - 声明句子、vowelCount 和 consonantCount 变量。

步骤 2 - 初始化变量

步骤 3 - 对句子运行 for 循环以计算元音和辅音的数量。

步骤 4 - 打印结果。

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示例 1

在这个例子中，我们将找到函数内元音和辅音的计数。

Open Compiler
package main

// fmt package provides the function to print anything
import "fmt"
func main() {
   // declaring the variable sentence of string type
   // which stores the sentence in which we have to
   // count the vowels and the Consonants
   var sentence string

   // declaring the variables to store the count
   // of vowels and Consonants
   var vowelsCount, consonantCount int

   // initializing the variable sentence
   sentence = "India have twenty eight states and eight union territories"
   
   // initializing the variable vowelsCount
   vowelsCount = 0

   // initializing the variable ConsonantCount
   consonantCount = 0
   fmt.Println("Program to find the count of vowels and consonants within the function.")

   // running a for loop over the string stored in the sentence variable
   for i := 0; i < len(sentence); i++ {
      // skipping the spaces in the sentence
      if sentence[i] == ' ' {
         continue
      }
   
      // comparing the current character with the vowels
      if sentence[i] == 'a' || sentence[i] == 'e' || sentence[i] == 'i' || sentence[i] == 'o' || sentence[i] == 'u' ||
         sentence[i] == 'A' || sentence[i] == 'E' || sentence[i] == 'I' || sentence[i] == 'O' || sentence[i] == 'U' {

            // increasing the count of vowelCount variable
            // if the current character is a vowel
            vowelsCount++
      } else {
         // increasing the count of consonantCount variable
         // if current character is consonant
         consonantCount++
      }
   }
   fmt.Println("Sentence:- \n", sentence)

   // printing the count of vowels and consonants
   fmt.Println("Result:- \nThe total number of vowels in the above sentence are", vowelsCount)
   fmt.Println("The total number of consonants in the above sentence are", consonantCount)
}

输出

Program to find the count of vowels and consonants within the function.
Sentence:-
 India have twenty eight states and eight union territories
Result:-
The total number of vowels in the above sentence are 21
The total number of consonants in the above sentence are 29

在单独的函数中查找元音和辅音的计数

算法

步骤 1 - 声明句子、vowelCount 和 consonantCount 变量。

步骤 2 - 初始化变量

步骤 3 - 调用计算元音和辅音数量并返回它们的函数。

步骤 4 - 打印结果。

示例 2

在这个例子中，我们将找到单独函数中元音和辅音的计数。

Open Compiler
package main

// fmt package provides the function to print anything
import "fmt"

// defining the function which has a parameter of string type
// and as in Golang we can return more than one value at once
// so here we are returning vowelCount and consonantCount together
// (int, int) is the way to achieve the above thing
func vowelsconsonantsCount(sentence string) (int, int) {
   // declaring the variables to store the count
   // of vowels and consonants
   var vowelsCount, consonantCount int

   // initializing the variable vowelsCount
   vowelsCount = 0

   // initializing the variable consonantCount
   consonantCount = 0

   // running a for loop over the string stored in the sentence variable
   for i := 0; i < len(sentence); i++ {
      
      // skipping the spaces in the sentence
      if sentence[i] == ' ' {
         continue
      }

      // comparing the current character with the vowels
      if sentence[i] == 'a' || sentence[i] == 'e' || sentence[i] == 'i' || sentence[i] == 'o' || sentence[i] == 'u' ||
         sentence[i] == 'A' || sentence[i] == 'E' || sentence[i] == 'I' || sentence[i] == 'O' || sentence[i] == 'U' {

         // increasing the count of vowelCount variable
         // if the current character is a vowel
         vowelsCount++
      } else {
         // increasing the count of consonantCount variable
         // if current character is consonant
         consonantCount++
      }
   }
   // returning the count of vowels and consonants
   return vowelsCount, consonantCount
}
func main() {
   // declaring the variable sentence of string type
   // which stores the sentence in which we have to
   // count the vowels and the consonants
   var sentence string

   // declaring the variables to store the count
   // of vowels and consonants
   var vowelsCount, consonantCount int

   // initializing the variable sentence
   sentence = "India have twenty eight states and eight union territories"
   fmt.Println("Program to find the count of vowels and consonants in the separate function.")

   // calling the function and storing the count of consonant and
   // vowels in the variable
   vowelsCount, consonantCount = vowelsconsonantsCount(sentence)
   fmt.Println("Sentence:-\n", sentence)

   // printing the count of vowels and consonants
   fmt.Println("Result:- \nThe total number of vowels in the above sentence are", vowelsCount)
   fmt.Println("The total number of consonants in the above sentence are", consonantCount)
}

输出

Program to find the count of vowels and consonants in the separate function.
Sentence:-
 India have twenty eight states and eight union territories
Result:-
The total number of vowels in the above sentence are 21
The total number of consonants in the above sentence are 29

结论

这两种方法可以在 Golang 中查找句子中元音和辅音的数量。第二种方法在模块化和代码可重用性方面要好得多，因为我们可以在项目的任何地方调用该函数。要了解更多关于 go 的信息，您可以浏览这些 教程。

更新于: 2022年9月2日

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