如何在 R 中找出矩阵值之间的距离?


找出矩阵值之间的距离意味着我们要找出距离矩阵,而它可以通过使用 dist 函数与矩阵名称直接找出。例如,假设我们有一个大小为 5x5 的矩阵,名为 M,那么距离矩阵可以计算为 dist(M)。

示例 1

M1<−matrix(1:36,ncol=6)
M1

输出

[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6]
[1,] 1 7 13 19 25 31
[2,] 2 8 14 20 26 32
[3,] 3 9 15 21 27 33
[4,] 4 10 16 22 28 34
[5,] 5 11 17 23 29 35
[6,] 6 12 18 24 30 36
dist(M1)
1 2 3 4 5
2 2.449490
3 4.898979 2.449490
4 7.348469 4.898979 2.449490
5 9.797959 7.348469 4.898979 2.449490
6 12.247449 9.797959 7.348469 4.898979 2.449490

示例 2

M2<−matrix(rnorm(36,2,0.98),ncol=6)
M2

输出

[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6]
[1,] 0.30918719 2.10924445 2.290298 2.777059 2.4907988 1.687226
[2,] 3.38356559 -0.06665392 1.931708 2.293665 3.3287502 2.599893
[3,] 2.34493075 2.45465751 2.213626 2.902613 0.3604137 2.228618
[4,] 1.31512331 2.88142144 1.311969 4.426748 1.2890785 1.094872
[5,] -0.08505025 0.62849704 1.833984 2.217687 2.9674727 1.656955
[6,] 2.69655356 3.74480867 3.802174 2.370346 1.8752234 3.178781
dist(M2)
1 2 3 4 5
2 4.010451
3 3.019412 4.103040
4 2.661162 4.932451 2.554683
5 1.759912 3.680965 4.120252 3.914275
6 3.664620 4.577293 2.791483 4.215441 4.985454

示例 3

M3<−matrix(rpois(64,10),ncol=8)
M3

输出

[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8]
[1,] 10 14 11 8 10 17 8 10
[2,] 8 9 7 11 15 13 16 12
[3,] 10 10 10 20 11 9 5 6
[4,] 10 11 4 9 10 6 7 13
[5,] 12 9 8 10 5 8 9 4
[6,] 12 10 15 10 11 6 9 16
[7,] 8 6 9 10 8 9 9 7
[8,] 17 10 12 6 9 9 9 11
dist(M3)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 12.767145
3 15.842980 16.852300
4 13.784049 13.304135 14.866069
5 13.601471 16.000000 12.884099 11.789826
6 14.106736 14.560220 15.937377 11.874342 15.297059
7 12.409674 12.369317 12.124356 10.392305 6.708204 12.922848
8 11.704700 15.297059 17.146428 11.874342 11.135529 9.380832 11.789826

示例 4

M4<−matrix(sample(0:5,49,replace=TRUE),ncol=7)
M4

输出

[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7]
[1,] 0 1 4 2 2 2 2
[2,] 4 4 2 4 0 1 2
[3,] 3 0 5 5 2 5 5
[4,] 3 2 3 0 5 3 1
[5,] 2 2 3 4 5 5 3
[6,] 1 3 1 1 5 5 4
[7,] 1 5 4 4 2 2 1
dist(M4)
1 2 3 4 5 6
2 6.164414
3 6.164414 7.483315
4 5.099020 7.211103 7.874008
5 5.385165 7.141428 4.795832 5.000000
6 6.082763 8.062258 7.416198 4.795832 4.000000
7 4.690416 4.472136 7.483315 6.324555 5.744563 7.000000

示例 5

M5<−matrix(sample(101:105,64,replace=TRUE),ncol=8)
M5

输出

[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8]
[1,] 105 104 103 103 104 105 103 105
[2,] 101 101 103 103 104 104 101 105
[3,] 102 103 101 103 101 101 102 104
[4,] 103 103 102 101 103 103 104 104
[5,] 102 102 101 104 102 101 104 101
[6,] 101 105 104 101 103 102 104 104
[7,] 103 105 101 104 104 104 101 101
[8,] 105 105 105 103 104 105 101 101
dist(M5)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 5.477226
3 6.403124 5.385165
4 4.123106 5.000000 4.242641
5 7.416198 6.708204 4.000000 5.099020
6 5.830952 6.000000 5.196152 3.605551 6.244998
7 5.567764 6.403124 5.830952 5.830952 5.656854 6.708204
8 5.000000 7.280110 8.000000 6.633250 8.000000 7.000000 4.690416

更新于: 2020 年 11 月 7 日

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