如何使用 Surefire 和 TestNG 运行单个测试类或测试组?


Maven 是一个项目管理和理解工具,它提供了一个完整的构建生命周期框架。用户几乎可以立即自动化项目的构建基础设施,因为 Maven 使用标准的目录布局和默认的构建生命周期。

总而言之,Maven 简化并标准化了项目构建过程。它可以无缝地处理编译、分发、文档、团队协作和其他任务。Maven 提高了可重用性,并处理了大多数与构建相关的任务。

TestNG 是一个测试框架,可以使用 Maven 作为构建工具。它有助于在一个地方(pom.xml)维护依赖项及其版本。

用户可以使用 surefire 插件在 Maven 中运行单个类或单个测试组。当用户使用命令行时,甚至不需要 testng.xml 来运行一个类或组。

在本文中,我们将了解如何通过 surefire 运行单个 TestNG 类或测试组。

解决此问题的方法/算法

  • 步骤 1:创建一个 TestNG 类 - NewTestngClass

  • 步骤 2:在类中编写 2 个 @Test 方法,并指定组名。

  • 步骤 3:现在创建如下所示的 testNG.xml。

  • 步骤 4:不要在 pom.xml 中添加 testng.xml 的路径,如下所示。

  • 步骤 5:不要在 pom.xml 中的 suiteXMLFiles 后添加应执行的组名,如程序部分所示。

  • 步骤 6:现在,使用命令行运行它。

示例

以下代码演示如何仅从大型套件中运行 1 个测试方法

src/ NewTestngClass.java

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class NewTestngClass {

    @Test(groups = { "group1", "group3" })
    public void testCase1() {
        System.out.println("in test case 1 of NewTestngClass");
    }
   @Test(groups = { "group2", "group3" })
    public void testCase1() {
        System.out.println("in test case 2 of NewTestngClass");
    }
}  

pom.xml

这是一个 Maven 配置文件,用于组织依赖项、插件和运行 TestNG 测试用例。

当只需要执行有限的测试而不是完整的套件时,它非常方便。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.sample</groupId>
    <artifactId>TestNGProjectct</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.0-M5</version>
                <configuration>
                    
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>          
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng<artifactId>
            <version>7.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

运行单个类的命令

mvn test -Dtest=NewTestngClass

输出

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] ---------------------< com.sample:TestNGProjectct >---------------------
[INFO] Building TestNGProjectct 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ TestNGProjectct ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ TestNGProjectct ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ TestNGProjectct ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Users\anandas\IdeaProjects\TestNGProjectct\src\test\resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ TestNGProjectct ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:3.0.0-M5:test (default-test) @ TestNGProjectct ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO] 
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]  T E S T S
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Running TestSuite
...
... TestNG 7.3.0 by Cédric Beust ([email protected])
...
in test case 1 of NewTestngClass
in test case 2 of NewTestngClass

[INFO] Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.461 s - in TestSuite
[INFO] 
[INFO] Results:
[INFO] 
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
[INFO] 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  2.838 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2022-02-08T16:07:17+05:30
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

运行单个组的命令

注意 - 在运行特定测试组之前,请在 pom.xml 中添加 testng.xml 路径。

mvn test -Dgroups=group2

输出

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] ---------------------< com.sample:TestNGProjectct >---------------------
[INFO] Building TestNGProjectct 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ TestNGProjectct ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ TestNGProjectct ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ TestNGProjectct ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Users\anandas\IdeaProjects\TestNGProjectct\src\test\resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ TestNGProjectct ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:3.0.0-M5:test (default-test) @ TestNGProjectct ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO] 
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]  T E S T S
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Running TestSuite
...
... TestNG 7.3.0 by Cédric Beust ([email protected])
...

in test case 2 of NewTestngClass

[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.461 s - in TestSuite
[INFO] 
[INFO] Results:
[INFO] 
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
[INFO] 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  2.838 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2022-02-08T16:07:17+05:30
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

更新于:2023年8月18日

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