Java Connection rollBack() 方法及示例


回滚操作撤消当前事务完成的所有更改,即,如果调用 **Connection** 接口的 **rollBack()** 方法,则所有修改都会还原到上次提交。Con.rollback()

您还可以通过将所需的 **Savepoint** 对象作为参数传递给此方法,将数据库中的更改回滚到特定保存点,如下所示:

//Setting the save point
con.rollback("MysavePoint");

回滚事务

使用 **DriverManager** 类的 **registerDriver()** 方法注册驱动程序,如下所示:

//Registering the Driver
DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.mysql.jdbc.Driver());

使用 **DriverManager** 类的 **getConnection()** 方法获取连接,如下所示:

//Getting the connection
String url = "jdbc:mysql:///mydatabase";
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "root", "password");

使用 **setAutoCommit()** 方法关闭自动提交,如下所示:

//Setting the auto commit false
con.setAutoCommit(false);

使用 **setSavepoint()** 方法设置保存点,或使用 **commit()** 方法提交事务,如下所示:

Savepoint savePoint = con.setSavepoint("MysavePoint");
Con.commit();

最后,使用 **rollback()** 或 **rollback(Savepoint savepoint)** 方法回滚到上次保存点或上次提交。

con.rollback()
Or,
con. rollback(mySavepoint);

让我们使用 **CREATE** 语句在 MySQL 数据库中创建一个名为 **MyPlayers** 的表,如下所示:

CREATE TABLE MyPlayers(
   ID INT,
   First_Name VARCHAR(255),
   Last_Name VARCHAR(255),
   Date_Of_Birth date,
   Place_Of_Birth VARCHAR(255),
   Country VARCHAR(255),
   PRIMARY KEY (ID)
);

现在,我们将使用 **INSERT** 语句在 **MyPlayers** 表中插入 7 条记录:

insert into MyPlayers values(1, 'Shikhar', 'Dhawan', DATE('1981-12-05'), 'Delhi', 'India');
insert into MyPlayers values(2, 'Jonathan', 'Trott', DATE('1981-04-22'), 'CapeTown', 'SouthAfrica');
insert into MyPlayers values(3, 'Kumara', 'Sangakkara', DATE('1977-10-27'), 'Matale', 'Srilanka');
insert into MyPlayers values(4, 'Virat', 'Kohli', DATE('1988-11-05'), 'Delhi', 'India');
insert into MyPlayers values(5, 'Rohit', 'Sharma', DATE('1987-04-30'), 'Nagpur', 'India');
insert into MyPlayers values(6, 'Ravindra', 'Jadeja', DATE('1988-12-06'), 'Nagpur', 'India');
insert into MyPlayers values(7, 'James', 'Anderson', DATE('1982-06-30'), 'Burnley', 'England');

以下 JDBC 程序演示了 **Connection** 接口的 **rollback()** 方法。在这里,我们在 **Myplayers** 表中插入了一条新记录。使用 **commit()** 方法完成了事务,删除了先前插入的记录,并回滚到创建的保存点,并显示了表的內容

示例

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class Connection_rollBack {
   public static void main(String args[]) throws SQLException {
      //Registering the Driver
      DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.mysql.jdbc.Driver());
      //Getting the connection
      String url = "jdbc:mysql:///mydatabase";
      Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "root", "password");
      System.out.println("Connection established......");
      //Setting the auto commit false
      con.setAutoCommit(false);
      //Creating a Statement object
      Statement stmt = con.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE, ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE);
      //Retrieving the data
      ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("select * from MyPlayers");
      System.out.println("Contents of the table initially");
      while(rs.next()) {
         System.out.print("ID: "+rs.getString("ID")+", ");
         System.out.print("First_Name: "+rs.getString("First_Name")+", ");
         System.out.print("Last_Name: "+rs.getString("Last_Name")+", ");
         System.out.print("Date_Of_Birth: "+rs.getString("Date_Of_Birth")+", ");
         System.out.print("Place_Of_Birth: "+rs.getString("Place_Of_Birth")+", ");
         System.out.print("Country: "+rs.getString("Country"));
         System.out.println("");
      }
      PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement("INSERT INTO MyPlayers VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)");
      pstmt.setInt(1, 8);
      pstmt.setString(2, "Ishant");
      pstmt.setString(3, "Sharma");
      pstmt.setDate(4, new Date(904694400000L));
      pstmt.setString(5, "Delhi");
      pstmt.setString(6, "India");
      pstmt.executeUpdate();
      //Committing the transaction
      con.commit();
      //Deleting the record
      stmt.execute("Delete from MyPlayers where id = 8");
      //Rolling back to the save point
      con.rollback();
      //Contents of the table after the roll-back
      System.out.println("Contents of the table");
      rs = stmt.executeQuery("select * from MyPlayers");
      while(rs.next()) {
         System.out.print("ID: "+rs.getString("ID")+", ");
         System.out.print("First_Name: "+rs.getString("First_Name")+", ");
         System.out.print("Last_Name: "+rs.getString("Last_Name")+", ");
         System.out.print("Date_Of_Birth: "+rs.getString("Date_Of_Birth")+", ");
         System.out.print("Place_Of_Birth: "+rs.getString("Place_Of_Birth")+", ");
         System.out.print("Country: "+rs.getString("Country"));
         System.out.println("");
      }
   }
}

现在,您可以在结果中观察到保存点之前创建的新记录,尽管我们已将其删除。

如果我们回滚事务,则上次提交后完成的所有更改都将被还原。

由于我们在设置提交后删除了第 8 条记录,因此在回滚时此删除操作将被还原。

输出

Connection established......
Contents of the table initially
ID: 1, First_Name: Shikhar, Last_Name: Dhawan, Date_Of_Birth: 1981-12-05, Place_Of_Birth: Delhi, Country: India
ID: 2, First_Name: Jonathan, Last_Name: Trott, Date_Of_Birth: 1981-04-22, Place_Of_Birth: CapeTown, Country: SouthAfrica
ID: 3, First_Name: Kumara, Last_Name: Sangakkara, Date_Of_Birth: 1977-10-27, Place_Of_Birth: Matale, Country: Srilanka
ID: 4, First_Name: Virat, Last_Name: Kohli, Date_Of_Birth: 1988-11-05, Place_Of_Birth: Mumbai, Country: India
ID: 5, First_Name: Rohit, Last_Name: Sharma, Date_Of_Birth: 1987-04-30, Place_Of_Birth: Nagpur, Country: India
ID: 6, First_Name: Ravindra, Last_Name: Jadeja, Date_Of_Birth: 1988-12-06, Place_Of_Birth: Nagpur, Country: India
ID: 7, First_Name: James, Last_Name: Anderson, Date_Of_Birth: 1982-06-30, Place_Of_Birth: Burnley , Country: England
Contents of the table after rollback
ID: 1, First_Name: Shikhar, Last_Name: Dhawan, Date_Of_Birth: 1981-12-05, Place_Of_Birth: Delhi, Country: India
ID: 2, First_Name: Jonathan, Last_Name: Trott, Date_Of_Birth: 1981-04-22, Place_Of_Birth: CapeTown, Country: SouthAfrica
ID: 3, First_Name: Kumara, Last_Name: Sangakkara, Date_Of_Birth: 1977-10-27, Place_Of_Birth: Matale, Country: Srilanka
ID: 4, First_Name: Virat, Last_Name: Kohli, Date_Of_Birth: 1988-11-05, Place_Of_Birth: Mumbai, Country: India
ID: 5, First_Name: Rohit, Last_Name: Sharma, Date_Of_Birth: 1987-04-30, Place_Of_Birth: Nagpur, Country: India
ID: 6, First_Name: Ravindra, Last_Name: Jadeja, Date_Of_Birth: 1988-12-06, Place_Of_Birth: Nagpur, Country: India
ID: 7, First_Name: James, Last_Name: Anderson, Date_Of_Birth: 1982-06-30, Place_Of_Birth: Burnley , Country: England
ID: 8, First_Name: Ishant, Last_Name: Sharma, Date_Of_Birth: 1998-09-02, Place_Of_Birth: Delhi, Country: India

更新于: 2019-07-30

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