如果我从 MySQL 父表中删除一行将会发生什么?
从父表中删除行时,如果该行的记录已在子表中使用,那么 MySQL 将抛出错误,因为外键约束已失效。可以使用两个表“customer”和“orders”的示例来理解这一点。此处,“customer”是父表,“orders”是子表。我们无法从“customer”表中删除已在子表“orders”中使用的行。可通过如下方式从父表中删除值来对此进行演示 −
mysql> Select * from Customer; +----+--------+ | id | name | +----+--------+ | 1 | Gaurav | | 2 | Raman | | 3 | Harshit| | 4 | Aarav | +----+--------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> Select * from orders; +----------+----------+------+ | order_id | product | id | +----------+----------+------+ | 100 | Notebook | 1 | | 110 | Pen | 1 | | 120 | Book | 2 | | 130 | Charts | 2 | +----------+----------+------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
现在,假设我们尝试从父表“customer”中删除具有 id = 1 或 id =2 的行(因为这两行已在子表中使用),则 MySQL 会由于外键约束失效而抛出如下错误。
mysql> Delete from customer where id = 1; ERROR 1451 (23000): Cannot delete or update a parent row: a foreign key constraint fails (`query`.`orders`, CONSTRAINT `orders_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`id`)REFERENCES `customer` (`id`)) mysql> Delete from customer where id = 2; ERROR 1451 (23000): Cannot delete or update a parent row: a foreign key constraint fails (`query`.`orders`, CONSTRAINT `orders_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`id`)REFERENCES `customer` (`id`))
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