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法律研究异位模式查找
异位词基本上是给定的字符串或模式的所有排列。此模式查找算法略有不同。在这种情况下，不仅要搜索精确的模式，还要在文本中搜索给定模式的所有可能排列。
要解决这个问题，我们将把整个文本分成几个长度与模式相同的窗口。然后计算模式的每个字符出现的位置并将其存储在数组中。对于每个窗口，我们还尝试找到计数数组，然后检查它们是否匹配。
异位模式查找算法的时间复杂度为 O(n)。
输入和输出
Input: The main String “AABAACBABBCABAABBA”. The pattern “AABC”. Output: Anagram found at position: 2 Anagram found at position: 3 Anagram found at position: 4 Anagram found at position: 10
算法
anagramSearch(text, pattern)
输入 − 主字符串和模式
输出 − 模式及其所有异位词出现的所有位置。
Begin define patternFreq array and stringFreq array patLne := length of pattern stringLen := length of the text set all entries of patternFreq array to 0 for all characters present in pattern, do increase the frequency. done for i := 0 to i<= stringLen – patLen, do set all entries of stringFreq to 0 for all characters of each window, do increase the frequency done if the stringFreq and patternFreq are same, then display the value of i, as anagram found at that location done End
示例
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#define LETTER 26
using namespace std;
bool arrayCompare(int *array1, int *array2, int n) {
for(int i = 0; i<n; i++) {
if(array1[i] != array2[i])
return false; //if there is one mismatch stop working
}
return true; //arrays are identical
}
void setArray(int *array, int n, int value) {
for(int i = 0; i<n; i++)
array[i] = value; //put value for all places in the array
}
void anagramSearch(string mainString, string patt, int *array, int *index) {
int strFreq[LETTER], pattFreq[LETTER];
int patLen = patt.size();
int stringLen = mainString.size();
setArray(pattFreq, LETTER, 0); //initialize all frequency to 0
for(int i = 0; i<patLen; i++) {
int patIndex = patt[i] - 'A'; //subtract ASCII of A
pattFreq[patIndex]++; //increase frequency
}
for(int i = 0; i<=(stringLen - patLen); i++) { //the range where window will move
setArray(strFreq, LETTER, 0); //initialize all frequency to 0 for main string
for(int j = i; j<(i+patLen); j++){ //update frequency for each window.
int strIndex = mainString[j] - 'A';
strFreq[strIndex]++; //increase frequency
}
if(arrayCompare(strFreq, pattFreq, LETTER)) { //when both arrays are identical
(*index)++;
array[*index] = i; //anagram found at ith position
}
}
}
int main() {
string mainStrng = "AABAACBABBCABAABBA";
string pattern = "AABC";
int matchLocation[mainStrng.size()];
int index = -1;
anagramSearch(mainStrng, pattern, matchLocation, &index);
for(int i = 0; i<=index; i++) {
cout << "Anagram found at position: " << matchLocation[i] << endl;
}
}输出
Anagram found at position: 2 Anagram found at position: 3 Anagram found at position: 4 Anagram found at position: 10
更新于：15-06-2020
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