计算从 1 至 n 的所有数字中各位数字之和
在这个问题中,我们要找到1到n范围中所有数字的各位之和。例如,54的各位之和为5+4=9,像这样,我们必须找到所有数字及其各位之和。
我们知道可以生成10d - 1个数字,其位数为d。要找到d位的所有这些数字的和,我们可以使用递归公式。
sum(10d- 1)=sum(10d-1- 1)*10+45*(10d-1)
输入和输出
Input: This algorithm takes the upper limit of the range, say it is 20. Output: Sum of digits in all numbers from 1 to n. Here the result is 102
算法
digitSumInRange(n)
输入:范围的上限。
输出:范围内所有数字各位之和(1-n)。
Begin if n < 10, then return n(n+1)/2 digit := number of digits in number d := digit – 1 define place array of size digit place[0] := 0 place[1] := 45 for i := 2 to d, do place[i] := place[i-1]*10 + 45 * ceiling(10^(i-1)) power := ceiling(10^d) msd := n/power res := msd*place[d] + (msd*(msd-1)/2)*power + msd*(1+n mod power) + digitSumInRange(n mod power) return res done End
示例
#include<iostream> #include<cmath> using namespace std; int digitSumInRange(int n) { if (n<10) return n*(n+1)/2; //when one digit number find sum with formula int digit = log10(n)+1; //number of digits in number int d = digit-1; //decrease digit count by 1 int *place = new int[d+1]; //create array to store sum upto 1 to 10^place[i] place[0] = 0; place[1] = 45; for (int i=2; i<=d; i++) place[i] = place[i-1]*10 + 45*ceil(pow(10,i-1)); int power = ceil(pow(10, d)); //computing the power of 10 int msd = n/power; //find most significant digit return msd*place[d] + (msd*(msd-1)/2)*power + msd*(1+n%power) + digitSumInRange(n%power); //recursively find the sum } int main() { int n; cout << "Enter upper limit of the range: "; cin >> n; cout << "Sum of digits in range (1 to " << n << ") is: " << digitSumInRange(n); }
输出
Enter upper limit of the range: 20 Sum of digits in range (1 to 20) is: 102
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