C++ 数据类型范围及其宏


在某些情况下,我们需要在不同的问题中使用特定数据类型的最小值或最大值。记住这些值非常困难。因此,C++ 提供了一些宏,用于表示某些数据类型的最小和最大范围。有些数据类型没有宏,因为它们是无符号的,因此最小值为 0。

数据类型范围最小值宏最大值宏
char-128 到 +127CHAR_MINCHAR_MAX
有符号字符型 (signed char)-128 到 +127SCHAR_MINSCHAR_MAX
无符号字符型 (unsigned char)0 到 255-----UCHAR_MAX
短整型 (short int)-32768 到 +32767SHRT_MINSHRT_MAX
无符号短整型 (unsigned short int)0 到 65535-----USHRT_MAX
整型 (int)-2147483648 到 +2147483647INT_MININT_MAX
无符号整型 (unsigned int)0 到 4294967295-----INT_MAX
长整型 (long int)-2147483648 到 +2147483647LONG_MINLONG_MAX
无符号长整型 (unsigned long int)0 到 18446744073709551615-----ULONG_MAX
长长整型 (long long int)-9223372036854775808 到 +9223372036854775807LLONG_MINLLONG_MAX
无符号长长整型 (unsigned long long int)0 到 18446744073709551615-----ULLONG_MAX
单精度浮点型 (float)1.17549e-38 到 3.40282e+38FLT_MINFLT_MAX
负单精度浮点型 (negative float)-1.17549e-38 到 -3.40282e+38-FLT_MIN-FLT_MAX
双精度浮点型 (double)2.22507e-308 到 1.79769e+308DBL_MINDBL_MAX
负双精度浮点型 (negative double)-2.22507e-308 到 -1.79769e+308-DBL_MIN-DBL_MAX

我们可以看到一个简单的程序,用于打印 C++ 中某些数据类型的范围。

示例

#include<iostream>
#include<limits.h> // for int,char macros
#include<float.h> // for float,double macros
using namespace std;
int main() {
   cout << "char Range: (" << CHAR_MIN <<", " <<CHAR_MAX << ")\n";
   cout << "short char Range: (" << SCHAR_MIN <<", " <<SCHAR_MAX << ")\n";
   cout << "unsigned char Range: (" << 0 <<", " <<UCHAR_MAX << ")\n";
   cout << "short int Range: (" << SHRT_MIN <<", " <<SHRT_MAX << ")\n";
   cout << "unsigned short int Range: (" << 0 <<", " <<USHRT_MAX << ")\n";
   cout << "int Range: (" << INT_MIN <<", " <<INT_MAX << ")\n";
   cout << "unsigned int Range: (" << 0 <<", " <<UINT_MAX << ")\n";
   cout << "long int Range: (" << LONG_MIN <<", " <<LONG_MAX << ")\n";
   cout << "unsigned long int Range: (" << 0 <<", " <<ULONG_MAX << ")\n";
   cout << "long long int Range: (" << LLONG_MIN <<", " <<LLONG_MAX << ")\n";
   cout << "unsigned long long int Range: (" << 0 <<", " <<ULLONG_MAX << ")\n";
   cout << "float Range: (" << FLT_MIN <<", " <<FLT_MAX << ")\n";
   cout << "float(negative) Range: (" << -FLT_MIN <<", " <<-FLT_MAX << ")\n";
   cout << "double Range: (" << DBL_MIN <<", " <<DBL_MAX << ")\n";
   cout << "double(negative) Range: (" << -DBL_MIN <<", " <<-DBL_MAX << ")";
}

输出

char Range: (-128, 127)
short char Range: (-128, 127)
unsigned char Range: (0, 255)
short int Range: (-32768, 32767)
unsigned short int Range: (0, 65535)
int Range: (-2147483648, 2147483647)
unsigned int Range: (0, 4294967295)
long int Range: (-2147483648, 2147483647)
unsigned long int Range: (0, 4294967295)
long long int Range: (-9223372036854775808, 9223372036854775807)
unsigned long long int Range: (0, 18446744073709551615)
float Range: (1.17549e-038, 3.40282e+038)
float(negative) Range: (-1.17549e-038, -3.40282e+038)
double Range: (2.22507e-308, 1.79769e+308)
double(negative) Range: (-2.22507e-308, -1.79769e+308)

更新于:2019年7月30日

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