如何在Android Kotlin中将HashMap保存到SharedPreferences?
此示例演示如何在Android Kotlin中将HashMap保存到SharedPreferences。
步骤1 − 在Android Studio中创建一个新项目,转到文件?新建项目,并填写所有必需的详细信息以创建新项目。
步骤2 − 将以下代码添加到res/layout/activity_main.xml。
示例
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/rlMain" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_margin="16dp" android:orientation="vertical"> <EditText android:id="@+id/etName" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:hint="Name" android:inputType="text" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/etAge" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:hint="Age" android:inputType="number" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/etGame" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:hint="Favourite game" android:inputType="text" /> <Button android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginTop="16dp" android:onClick="saveLocal" android:text="save local" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginTop="20dp" android:textColor="@android:color/background_dark" android:textSize="24sp" android:textStyle="bold|italic" /> </LinearLayout>
步骤3 − 将以下代码添加到src/MainActivity.kt
示例
import android.content.Context
import android.content.SharedPreferences
import android.os.Bundle
import android.view.View
import android.widget.EditText
import android.widget.TextView
import android.widget.Toast
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import org.json.JSONObject
import java.util.*
import kotlin.collections.HashMap
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
private val mapKey = "map"
lateinit var etName: EditText
lateinit var etAge: EditText
lateinit var etGame: EditText
lateinit var textView: TextView
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
title = "KotlinApp"
textView = findViewById(R.id.textView)
etName = findViewById(R.id.etName)
etAge = findViewById(R.id.etAge)
etGame = findViewById(R.id.etGame)
val outputMap: Map<String, Any> = loadMap()
if (outputMap.containsKey("name"))
etName.setText(Objects.requireNonNull(outputMap["name"]).toString())
if (outputMap.containsKey("age"))
etAge.setText(Objects.requireNonNull(outputMap["age"]).toString())
if (outputMap.containsKey("game"))
etGame.setText(Objects.requireNonNull(outputMap["game"]).toString())
}
private fun loadMap(): Map<String, Any> {
val outputMap: Map<String, Any> = HashMap()
val pSharedPref = applicationContext.getSharedPreferences(
"MyVariables", Context.MODE_PRIVATE
)
if (pSharedPref != null) {
val jsonString = pSharedPref.getString(mapKey, JSONObject().toString())
val jsonObject = JSONObject(jsonString)
val keysItr = jsonObject.keys()
while (keysItr.hasNext()) {
val key = keysItr.next()
outputMap[key]
}
}
return outputMap
}
fun saveLocal(view: View) {
val name = etName.text.toString().trim()
val age = etAge.text.toString().trim()
val game = etGame.text.toString().trim()
when {
name.isEmpty() -> {
etName.error = "*required"
etName.requestFocus()
}
age.isEmpty() -> {
etAge.error = "*required"
etAge.requestFocus()
}
game.isEmpty() -> {
etGame.error = "*required"
etGame.requestFocus()
}
else -> {
val inputMap: MutableMap<String, Any> = HashMap()
inputMap["name"] = name
inputMap["age"] = age
inputMap["game"] = game
saveMap(inputMap)
Toast.makeText(applicationContext, "Saved Locally!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
textView.text = inputMap.toString()
}
}
}
private fun saveMap(inputMap: MutableMap<String, Any>) {
val sharedPreferences: SharedPreferences = applicationContext.getSharedPreferences(
"MyVariables", Context.MODE_PRIVATE
)
val jsonObject = JSONObject(inputMap)
val jsonString = jsonObject.toString()
val editor: SharedPreferences.Editor = sharedPreferences.edit()
editor.remove(mapKey).apply()
editor.putString(mapKey, jsonString)
editor.commit()
}
}步骤4 − 将以下代码添加到androidManifest.xml
示例
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="app.com.myapplication"> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round" android:supportsRtl="true" android:theme="@style/AppTheme"> <activity android:name=".MainActivity"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> </manifest>
让我们尝试运行您的应用程序。我假设您已将您的实际Android移动设备连接到您的计算机。要从Android Studio运行应用程序,请打开您项目的某个活动文件,然后单击工具栏中的运行图标
。选择您的移动设备作为选项,然后检查您的移动设备,它将显示您的默认屏幕。

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