如何在Java中将子类变量转换为超类类型?
继承是两个类之间的关系,其中一个类继承另一个类的属性。这种关系可以使用`extends`关键字定义为:
public class A extends B{
}
继承属性的类称为子类或子类,而其属性被继承的类称为超类或父类。
在继承中,超类成员的副本会在子类对象中创建。因此,使用子类对象,您可以访问这两个类的成员。
将子类变量转换为超类类型
您可以直接将子类变量(值)赋值给超类变量。简而言之,超类引用变量可以持有子类对象。但是,使用此引用只能访问超类成员,如果尝试访问子类成员,则会生成编译时错误。
示例
class Person{
public String name;
public int age;
public Person(String name, int age){
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public void displayPerson() {
System.out.println("Data of the Person class: ");
System.out.println("Name: "+this.name);
System.out.println("Age: "+this.age);
}
}
public class Sample extends Person {
public String branch;
public int Student_id;
public Sample(String name, int age, String branch, int Student_id){
super(name, age);
this.branch = branch;
this.Student_id = Student_id;
}
public void displayStudent() {
System.out.println("Data of the Student class: ");
System.out.println("Name: "+super.name);
System.out.println("Age: "+super.age);
System.out.println("Branch: "+this.branch);
System.out.println("Student ID: "+this.Student_id);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Person person = new Person("Krishna", 20);
//Converting super class variable to sub class type
Sample sample = new Sample("Krishna", 20, "IT", 1256);
person = sample;
person.displayPerson();
}
}输出
Data of the Person class: Name: Krishna Age: 20
示例
class Super{
public Super(){
System.out.println("Constructor of the Super class");
}
public void superMethod() {
System.out.println("Method of the super class ");
}
}
public class Test extends Super {
public Test(){
System.out.println("Constructor of the sub class");
}
public void subMethod() {
System.out.println("Method of the sub class ");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Super obj = new Test();
obj.superMethod();
}
}输出
Constructor of the Super class Constructor of the sub class Method of the super class
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