查找最长子字符串,其中没有相邻的英文字母


在字符串操作领域,识别模式和提取有意义的子字符串是常见任务。一个有趣的问题涉及查找最长的子字符串,其中没有相邻的字符是相邻的英文字母。在本文中,我们将深入探讨解决此问题的有效解决方案,并提供清晰的解释和示例测试用例。

问题陈述

给定一个由小写英文字母组成的字符串,我们需要找到最长子字符串的长度,其中没有相邻的字符是相邻的英文字母。例如,在字符串“abacabx”中,满足此条件的最长子字符串是“abx”,长度为3。

方法和算法

为了解决这个问题,我们可以利用贪心算法。我们将遍历给定的字符串,并检查当前字符和前一个字符是否为相邻的英文字母。如果是,我们将开始一个新的子字符串。否则,我们将扩展现有的子字符串。通过在最长子字符串的长度超过之前最大值时更新它,我们可以找到所需的结果。

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实现

以下是解决问题的代码:

Open Compiler
#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> // Function to find the longest substring with consecutive characters having a difference of 1 in their ASCII values int findLongestSubstring(const char* str) { int maxLength = 0; int currentLength = 1; // Loop through the characters in the string for (int i = 1; i < strlen(str); i++) { // Check if the difference between adjacent characters is not equal to 1 if (abs(str[i] - str[i - 1]) != 1) { currentLength++; // Increment the current substring length } else { maxLength = (maxLength > currentLength) ? maxLength : currentLength; // Update the maximum length if needed currentLength = 1; // Reset the current substring length } } maxLength = (maxLength > currentLength) ? maxLength : currentLength; // Check for the last substring return maxLength; // Return the length of the longest substring } int main() { const char* inputString = "abacabx"; int longestSubstringLength = findLongestSubstring(inputString); printf("Longest substring length: %d\n", longestSubstringLength); return 0; }

输出

Longest substring length: 3
Open Compiler
#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; int findLongestSubstring(const string& str) { int maxLength = 0; int currentLength = 1; for (int i = 1; i < str.length(); i++) { if (abs(str[i] - str[i - 1]) != 1) { currentLength++; } else { maxLength = max(maxLength, currentLength); currentLength = 1; } } maxLength = max(maxLength, currentLength); return maxLength; } int main() { string inputString = "abacabx"; int longestSubstringLength = findLongestSubstring(inputString); cout << "Longest substring length: " << longestSubstringLength << endl; return 0; }

输出

Longest substring length: 3
Open Compiler
public class LongestSubstring { public static int findLongestSubstring(String str) { int maxLength = 0; int currentLength = 1; // Loop through the characters in the string for (int i = 1; i < str.length(); i++) { // Check if the difference between adjacent characters is not equal to 1 if (Math.abs(str.charAt(i) - str.charAt(i - 1)) != 1) { currentLength++; // Increment the current substring length } else { maxLength = Math.max(maxLength, currentLength); // Update the maximum length if needed currentLength = 1; // Reset the current substring length } } maxLength = Math.max(maxLength, currentLength); // Check for the last substring return maxLength; // Return the length of the longest substring } public static void main(String[] args) { String inputString = "abacabx"; int longestSubstringLength = findLongestSubstring(inputString); System.out.println("Longest substring length: " + longestSubstringLength); } }

输出

Longest substring length: 3
Open Compiler
def find_longest_substring(s): max_length = 0 current_length = 1 # Loop through the characters in the string for i in range(1, len(s)): # Check if the difference between adjacent characters is not equal to 1 if abs(ord(s[i]) - ord(s[i - 1])) != 1: current_length += 1 # Increment the current substring length else: max_length = max(max_length, current_length) # Update the maximum length if needed current_length = 1 # Reset the current substring length max_length = max(max_length, current_length) # Check for the last substring return max_length # Return the length of the longest substring def main(): input_string = "abacabx" longest_substring_length = find_longest_substring(input_string) print("Longest substring length:", longest_substring_length) if __name__ == "__main__": main()

输出

Longest substring length: 3

代码解释

函数 findLongestSubstring 将输入字符串作为参数,并返回没有相邻的英文字母字符的最长子字符串的长度。

我们分别将 maxLength 和 currentLength 初始化为 0 和 1。然后,我们从第二个字符开始遍历字符串。如果当前字符和前一个字符之间的绝对差值不等于 1,我们将增加 currentLength 以扩展当前子字符串。否则,如果当前长度超过之前最大值,我们将更新 maxLength 并将 currentLength 重置为 1。

最后,我们返回找到的最大长度。在主函数中,我们提供了一个示例输入字符串“abacabx”并打印最长子字符串的长度。

示例测试用例

让我们考虑示例字符串“abacabx”来演示我们的解决方案。

string inputString = "abacabx";

在这种情况下,没有相邻的英文字母字符的最长子字符串是“abx”,长度为3。

结论

通过采用简单有效的方法,我们成功地解决了使用 C++ 查找没有相邻的英文字母字符的最长子字符串的问题。了解提供的代码和解释将使您能够解决涉及字符串操作的类似问题。

更新于: 2023年10月23日

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