MariaDB - LIKE 子句



WHERE 子句提供了一种在操作使用精确匹配时检索数据的方法。在需要具有共享特征的多个结果的情况下,LIKE 子句支持广泛的模式匹配。

LIKE 子句测试模式匹配,返回真或假。用于比较的模式接受以下通配符字符:“%”,匹配任意数量的字符(0 个或更多个);和“_”,匹配单个字符。“_”通配符字符只匹配其集合内的字符,这意味着在使用其他字符集时,它将忽略拉丁字符。默认情况下,匹配不区分大小写,需要其他设置才能区分大小写。

NOT LIKE 子句允许测试相反的条件,就像not运算符一样。

如果语句表达式或模式计算结果为 NULL,则结果为 NULL。

查看下面给出的通用 LIKE 子句语法:

SELECT field, field2,... FROM table_name, table_name2,...
WHERE field LIKE condition

在命令提示符或 PHP 脚本中使用 LIKE 子句。

命令提示符

在命令提示符下,只需使用标准命令:

root@host# mysql -u root -p password;
Enter password:*******
mysql> use TUTORIALS;
Database changed
mysql> SELECT * from products_tbl
   WHERE product_manufacturer LIKE 'XYZ%';
+-------------+----------------+----------------------+
| ID_number   | Nomenclature   | product_manufacturer |
+-------------+----------------+----------------------+
| 12345       | Orbitron 4000  | XYZ Corp             |
+-------------+----------------+----------------------+
| 12346       | Orbitron 3000  | XYZ Corp             |
+-------------+----------------+----------------------+
| 12347       | Orbitron 1000  | XYZ Corp             |
+-------------+----------------+----------------------+

使用 LIKE 子句的 PHP 脚本

在使用 LIKE 子句的语句中使用mysql_query()函数

<?php
   $dbhost = 'localhost:3036';
   $dbuser = 'root';
   $dbpass = 'rootpassword';
   $conn = mysql_connect($dbhost, $dbuser, $dbpass);
   
   if(! $conn ) {
      die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
   }

   $sql = 'SELECT product_id, product_name, product_manufacturer, ship_date
      FROM products_tbl WHERE product_manufacturer LIKE "xyz%"';
   
   mysql_select_db('PRODUCTS');
   $retval = mysql_query( $sql, $conn );
   
   if(! $retval ) {
      die('Could not get data: ' . mysql_error());
   }

   while($row = mysql_fetch_array($retval, MYSQL_ASSOC)) {
      echo "Product ID:{$row['product_id']} <br> ".
         "Name: {$row['product_name']} <br> ".
         "Manufacturer: {$row['product_manufacturer']} <br> ".
         "Ship Date: {$row['ship_date']} <br> ".
         "--------------------------------<br>";
   }
   
   echo "Fetched data successfully\n";
   mysql_close($conn);
?>

成功检索数据后,您将看到以下输出:

Product ID: 12345
Nomenclature: Orbitron 4000
Manufacturer: XYZ Corp
Ship Date: 01/01/17
----------------------------------------------
Product ID: 12346
Nomenclature: Orbitron 3000
Manufacturer: XYZ Corp
Ship Date: 01/02/17
----------------------------------------------
Product ID: 12347
Nomenclature: Orbitron 1000
Manufacturer: XYZ Corp
Ship Date: 01/02/17
----------------------------------------------
mysql> Fetched data successfully
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