按词典顺序在 C++ 中打印字符串的所有组合
在此问题中,给了我们一个字符串 str,我们需要按词典顺序打印字符的所有组合。
我们举个例子,以便更好地理解这个问题 −
Input: str = ‘XYZ’ Output : X XY XYZ XZ XZY Y YX YXZ YZ YZX Z ZX ZXY ZY ZYX
为了解决这个问题,我们将打印字符串中所有字符的组合。为此,我们需要一个 map 数据结构来存储字符串的字符。对于实现,我们需要使用回溯法来跟踪所有组合。
实例
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; void printResult(char* result, int len); void findstringCombination(char result[], char str[], int count[],int level, int size, int length) ; void printCharCombination(string str); int main(){ string str = "ABC"; cout<<"The combination of characters of the string :\n"; printCharCombination(str); return 0; } void findstringCombination(char result[], char str[], int count[],int level, int size, int length){ if (level == size) return; for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) { if (count[i] == 0) continue; count[i]--; result[level] = str[i]; printResult(result, level); findstringCombination(result, str, count, level + 1, size, length); count[i]++; } } void printCharCombination(string str){ map<char, int> mp; for (int i = 0; i < str.size(); i++) { if (mp.find(str[i]) != mp.end()) mp[str[i]] = mp[str[i]] + 1; else mp[str[i]] = 1; } char* input = new char[mp.size()]; int* count = new int[mp.size()]; char* result = new char[str.size()]; map<char, int>::iterator it = mp.begin(); int i = 0; for (it; it != mp.end(); it++) { input[i] = it->first; count[i] = it->second; i++; } int length = mp.size(); int size = str.size(); findstringCombination(result, input, count, 0, size, length); } void printResult(char* result, int len){ for (int i = 0; i <= len; i++) cout<<result[i]; cout<<endl; }
输出
字符串字符的组合 −
A AB ABC AC ACB B BA BAC BC BCA C CA CAB CB CBA
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