用C语言程序打印字符排列成回文串的 位置。
给定一个长度为n的字符串str。打印字符串中每个元素的位置,以便它可以形成一个回文串,否则在屏幕上打印消息“No palindrome”。
什么是回文串?
回文串是一个单词或字符序列,从反向或向后读与从向前读相同,例如MADAM、racecar。
要查找一个序列或一个单词是否是回文串,我们通常将一个单词的反向存储在一个单独的字符串中,然后比较两者,如果它们相同,则给定的单词或序列是回文串。但是在这个问题中,我们必须打印排列以使单词或序列成为回文串。
例如,有一个字符串str = “tinni”,那么它可以是intni或nitin,所以我们必须返回其中一个序列的排列作为索引,从1开始,结果可以是2 3 1 4 5或3 2 1 5 4中的一个。
上述问题需要如下所示的示例解决方案:
示例
Input: string str = “baa” Output: 2 1 3 Input: string str = “tinni” Output: 2 3 1 4 5
算法
void printPalindromePos(string &str) START STEP 1: DECLARE vector<int> pos[MAX] STEP 2: DECLARE AND ASSIGN n WITH LENGTH OF str STEP 3: LOOP FOR i = 0 AND i < n AND i++ pos[str[i]].push_back(i+1) END LOOP STEP 4: SET oddCount = 0 STEP 5: DECLARE oddChar STEP 6: LOOP FOR i=0 AND i<MAX AND i++ IF pos[i].size() % 2 != 0 THEN, INCREMENT oddCount BY 1 SET oddChar AS i END IF END FOR STEP 7: IF oddCount > 1 THEN, PRINT "NO PALINDROME" STEP 8: LOOP FOR i=0 AND i<MAX AND i++ DECRLARE mid = pos[i].size()/2 LOOP FOR j=0 AND j<mid AND j++ PRINT pos[i][j] END LOOP END LOOP STEP 9: IF oddCount > 0 THEN, DECLARE AND SET last = pos[oddChar].size() - 1 PRINT pos[oddChar][last] SET pos[oddChar].pop_back(); END IF STEP 10: LOOP FOR i=MAX-1 AND i>=0 AND i-- DECLARE AND SET count = pos[i].size() LOOP FOR j=count/2 AND j<count AND j++ PRINT pos[i][j] STOP
示例
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; // Giving the maximum characters const int MAX = 256; void printPalindromePos(string &str){ //Inserting all positions of characters in the given string. vector<int> pos[MAX]; int n = str.length(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) pos[str[i]].push_back(i+1); /* find the number of odd elements.Takes O(n) */ int oddCount = 0; char oddChar; for (int i=0; i<MAX; i++) { if (pos[i].size() % 2 != 0) { oddCount++; oddChar = i; } } /* Palindrome can't contain more than 1 odd characters */ if (oddCount > 1) cout << "NO PALINDROME"; /* Print positions in first half of palindrome */ for (int i=0; i<MAX; i++){ int mid = pos[i].size()/2; for (int j=0; j<mid; j++) cout << pos[i][j] << " "; } // Consider one instance odd character if (oddCount > 0){ int last = pos[oddChar].size() - 1; cout << pos[oddChar][last] << " "; pos[oddChar].pop_back(); } /* Print positions in second half of palindrome */ for (int i=MAX-1; i>=0; i--){ int count = pos[i].size(); for (int j=count/2; j<count; j++) cout << pos[i][j] << " "; } } int main(){ string s = "tinni"; printPalindromePos(s); return 0; }
输出
如果我们运行上面的程序,它将生成以下输出:
2 3 1 4 5
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