XSD - <anyAttribute>

使用 <xs:anyAttribute> 元素可扩展 XSD 功能。可用于扩展一个 xsd 中定义的 complexType 元素，该元素包括模式中未定义的属性。

考虑一个示例 - person.xsd 已定义 person complexType 元素。attributes.xsd 已定义 age 属性。

person.xsd

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xs = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
   targetNamespace = "https://tutorialspoint.com"
   xmlns = "https://tutorialspoint.com"
   elementFormDefault = "qualified">

   <xs:element name = "person">
      <xs:complexType >
         <xs:sequence>
            <xs:element name = "firstname" type = "xs:string"/>
            <xs:element name = "lastname" type = "xs:string"/>
            <xs:element name = "nickname" type = "xs:string"/>     
         </xs:sequence>
      </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>
	
</xs:schema>

attributes.xsd

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xs = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
   targetNamespace = "https://tutorialspoint.com"
   xmlns = "https://tutorialspoint.com"
   elementFormDefault = "qualified">

   <xs:attribute name = "age">
      <xs:simpleType>
         <xs:restriction base = "xs:integer">
            <xs:pattern value = "[0-100]"/>
         </xs:restriction>
      </xs:simpleType>
   </xs:attribute>
	
</xs:schema>

如果想在 XML 中定义带有年龄的个人，则以下声明将无效。

person.xml

<?xml version = "1.0"?>
<class xmlns = "https://tutorialspoint.com"
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "https://tutorialspoint.com person.xsd
   https://tutorialspoint.com attributes.xsd">  

   <person age = "20">
      <firstname>Dinkar</firstname>
      <lastname>Kad</lastname>
      <nickname>Dinkar</nickname>  
   </person>
	
</class>

使用 <xs:anyAttribute>

为验证上述 person.xml，请将 <xs:anyAttribute> 添加到 person.xsd 中 person 元素。

person.xsd

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xs = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
   targetNamespace = "https://tutorialspoint.com"
   xmlns = "https://tutorialspoint.com"
   elementFormDefault = "qualified">

   <xs:element name = "person">
      <xs:complexType >
         <xs:sequence>
            <xs:element name = "firstname" type = "xs:string"/>
            <xs:element name = "lastname" type = "xs:string"/>
            <xs:element name = "nickname" type = "xs:string"/>            
         </xs:sequence>
         <xs:anyAttribute/>
      </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>

</xs:schema>

现在 person.xml 将针对 person.xsd 和 attributes.xsd 进行验证。