在 MySQL 中检查一个字段是否为空或为 null?


在 MySQL 中,NULL 和空字符串 '' 并不同。若要检查该字段是否为空如 '' 或为 null,你需要使用 IS NULL 属性或其他方法。你可以使用 CASE 语句检查所有条件。语法如下所示

SELECT *, CASE
WHEN yourColumnName =’ ‘ THEN ‘yourMessage1’
WHEN yourColumnName IS NULL THEN ‘yourMessage2’
ELSE CONCAT(yourColumnName ,' is a Name')
END AS anyVariableName
FROM yourTableName;

为了理解上述语法,让我们创建一个表。创建表的查询如下所示

mysql> create table checkFieldDemo
   -> (
   -> Id int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
   -> Name varchar(10),
   -> PRIMARY KEY(Id)
   -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.64 sec)

使用 insert 命令在表中插入一些记录。查询如下所示

mysql> insert into checkFieldDemo(Name) values(NULL);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.17 sec)
mysql> insert into checkFieldDemo(Name) values('John');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.15 sec)
mysql> insert into checkFieldDemo(Name) values(NULL);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.10 sec)
mysql> insert into checkFieldDemo(Name) values('');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.51 sec)
mysql> insert into checkFieldDemo(Name) values('Carol');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.14 sec)
mysql> insert into checkFieldDemo(Name) values('');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.17 sec)
mysql> insert into checkFieldDemo(Name) values(NULL);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.10 sec)

使用 select 语句显示表中的所有记录。查询如下所示

mysql> select *from checkFieldDemo;

以下是输出

+----+-------+
| Id | Name  |
+----+-------+
|  1 | NULL  |
|  2 | John  |
|  3 | NULL  |
|  4 |       |
|  5 | Carol |
|  6 |       |
|  7 | NULL  |
+----+-------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

以下是使用 case 语句检查字段是否为空或为 null 或其他内容的查询。查询如下所示

mysql> select *,case
   -> when Name='' then 'It is an empty string'
   -> when Name is null then 'It is a NULL value'
   -> else concat(Name,' is a Name')
   -> END as ListOfValues
   -> from checkFieldDemo;

以下是输出

+----+-------+-----------------------+
| Id | Name  | ListOfValues          |
+----+-------+-----------------------+
|  1 | NULL  | It is a NULL value    |
|  2 | John  | John is a Name        |
|  3 | NULL  | It is a NULL value    |
|  4 |       | It is an empty string |
|  5 | Carol | Carol is a Name       |
|  6 |       | It is an empty string |
|  7 | NULL  | It is a NULL value    |
+----+-------+-----------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

更新于: 30-Jul-2019

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