C++程序:计算机器人网格旅行的总成本
假设我们有一个h x w维度的网格。网格中的每个单元格包含一个正整数。现在,一个寻路机器人放置在特定单元格(p, q)上(其中p是单元格的行号,q是单元格的列号),它可以移动到单元格(i, j)。移动操作有一个特定的成本,等于|p - i| + |q - j|。现在有q次旅行,具有以下属性。
每次旅行有两个值(x, y)和一个公共值d。
机器人放置在一个值为x的单元格上,然后移动到另一个值为x + d的单元格。
然后它移动到另一个值为x + d + d的单元格。这个过程将持续进行,直到机器人到达一个值大于或等于y的单元格。
y - x是d的倍数。
给定这些旅行,我们必须找出每次旅行的总成本。如果机器人无法移动,则行程成本为0。
因此,如果输入类似于h = 3,w = 3,d = 3,q = 1,grid = {{2, 6, 8}, {7, 3, 4}, {5, 1, 9}},trips = {{3, 9}},则输出将为4。
3位于单元格(2, 2)
6位于单元格(1, 2)
9位于单元格(3, 3)
总成本 = |(1 - 2) + (2 - 2)| + |(3 - 1) + (3 - 2)| = 4。
为了解决这个问题,我们将遵循以下步骤:
Define one map loc for initialize i := 0, when i < h, update (increase i by 1), do: for initialize j := 0, when j < w, update (increase j by 1), do: loc[grid[i, j]] := new pair(i, j) Define an array dp[d + 1] for initialize i := 1, when i <= d, update (increase i by 1), do: j := i while j < w * h, do: n := j + d if j + d > w * h, then: Come out from the loop dx := |first value of loc[n] - first value of loc[j]| dy := |second value of loc[n] - second value of loc[j]| j := j + d insert dx + dy at the end of dp[i] for initialize j := 1, when j < size of dp[i], update (increase j by 1), do: dp[i, j] := dp[i, j] + dp[i, j - 1] for initialize i := 0, when i < q, update (increase i by 1), do: tot := 0 le := first value of trips[i] ri := second value of trips[i] if ri mod d is same as 0, then: f := d Otherwise, f := ri mod d pxl := (le - f) / d pxr := (ri - f) / d if le is same as f, then: if ri is same as f, then: tot := 0 Otherwise tot := tot + (dp[f, pxr - 1] - 0) Otherwise if ri is same as f, then: tot := 0 Otherwise tot := tot + dp[f, pxr - 1] - dp[f, pxl - 1] print(tot)
让我们看看下面的实现以更好地理解:
示例
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int INF = 1e9; void solve(int h, int w, int d, int q, vector<vector<int>> grid, vector<pair<int, int>> trips) { map<int, pair<int, int>> loc; for (int i = 0; i < h; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < w; j++) loc[grid[i][j]] = make_pair(i, j); } vector<int> dp[d + 1]; for (int i = 1; i <= d; i++) { int j = i; while (j < w * h) { int n = j + d; if (j + d > w * h) break; int dx = abs(loc[n].first - loc[j].first); int dy = abs(loc[n].second - loc[j].second); j += d; dp[i].push_back(dx + dy); } for (j = 1; j < dp[i].size(); j++) dp[i][j] += dp[i][j - 1]; } for (int i = 0; i < q; i++) { int tot = 0; int le, ri; le = trips[i].first; ri = trips[i].second; int f; if (ri % d == 0) f = d; else f = ri % d; int pxl, pxr; pxl = (le - f) / d; pxr = (ri - f) / d; if (le == f){ if (ri == f) tot = 0; else tot += (dp[f][pxr - 1] - 0); } else { if (ri == f) tot = 0; else tot += dp[f][pxr - 1] - dp[f][pxl - 1]; } cout<< tot << endl; } } int main() { int h = 3, w = 3, d = 3, q = 1; vector<vector<int>> grid = {{2, 6, 8}, {7, 3, 4}, {5, 1, 9}}; vector<pair<int, int>> trips = {{3, 9}}; solve(h, w, d, q, grid, trips); return 0; }
输入
3, 3, 3, 1, {{2, 6, 8}, {7, 3, 4}, {5, 1, 9}}, {{3, 9}}
输出
4
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