JavaMail API - 回复邮件



本章将介绍如何使用 JavaMail API 回复邮件。下面程序中遵循的基本步骤是

  • 获取包含 POP 和 SMTP 服务器详细信息的 Session 对象。我们需要 POP 详细信息来检索邮件,需要 SMTP 详细信息来发送邮件。

  • 创建 POP3 store 对象并连接到 store。

  • 创建 Folder 对象并在您的邮箱中打开相应的文件夹。

  • 检索邮件。

  • 遍历邮件,如果您想回复,请输入“Y”或“y”。

  • 获取邮件的所有信息(收件人、发件人、主题、内容)。

  • 使用 Message.reply() 方法构建回复邮件。此方法使用正确的收件人和主题配置新的 Message。该方法采用布尔参数,指示是仅回复发件人 (false) 还是回复所有人 (true)。

  • 设置邮件的发件人、文本和回复地址,并通过 Transport 对象实例发送。

  • 分别关闭 Transport、folder 和 store 对象。

在这里,我们使用了 JangoSMTP 服务器来将邮件发送到我们的目标邮箱地址。设置方法在环境设置章节中进行了说明。

创建 Java 类

创建一个名为 ReplyToEmail 的 java 类文件,其内容如下所示

package com.tutorialspoint;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.mail.Folder;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Store;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

public class ReplyToEmail {
   public static void main(String args[]) 
   {
      Date date = null;

      Properties properties = new Properties();
      properties.put("mail.store.protocol", "pop3");
      properties.put("mail.pop3s.host", "pop.gmail.com");
      properties.put("mail.pop3s.port", "995");
      properties.put("mail.pop3.starttls.enable", "true");
      properties.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
      properties.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true");
      properties.put("mail.smtp.host", "relay.jangosmtp.net");
      properties.put("mail.smtp.port", "25");
      Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);

      // session.setDebug(true);
      try 
      {
         // Get a Store object and connect to the current host
         Store store = session.getStore("pop3s");
         store.connect("pop.gmail.com", "[email protected]",
            "*****");//change the user and password accordingly

         Folder folder = store.getFolder("inbox");
         if (!folder.exists()) {
            System.out.println("inbox not found");
               System.exit(0);
         }
         folder.open(Folder.READ_ONLY);

         BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
            System.in));

         Message[] messages = folder.getMessages();
         if (messages.length != 0) {

            for (int i = 0, n = messages.length; i < n; i++) {
               Message message = messages[i];
               date = message.getSentDate();
               // Get all the information from the message
               String from = InternetAddress.toString(message.getFrom());
               if (from != null) {
                  System.out.println("From: " + from);
               }
               String replyTo = InternetAddress.toString(message
	         .getReplyTo());
               if (replyTo != null) {
                  System.out.println("Reply-to: " + replyTo);
               }
               String to = InternetAddress.toString(message
	         .getRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO));
               if (to != null) {
                  System.out.println("To: " + to);
               }

               String subject = message.getSubject();
               if (subject != null) {
                  System.out.println("Subject: " + subject);
               }
               Date sent = message.getSentDate();
               if (sent != null) {
                  System.out.println("Sent: " + sent);
               }

               System.out.print("Do you want to reply [y/n] : ");
               String ans = reader.readLine();
               if ("Y".equals(ans) || "y".equals(ans)) {

                  Message replyMessage = new MimeMessage(session);
                  replyMessage = (MimeMessage) message.reply(false);
                  replyMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(to));
                  replyMessage.setText("Thanks");
                  replyMessage.setReplyTo(message.getReplyTo());

                  // Send the message by authenticating the SMTP server
                  // Create a Transport instance and call the sendMessage
                  Transport t = session.getTransport("smtp");
                  try {
	   	     //connect to the smpt server using transport instance
		     //change the user and password accordingly	
	             t.connect("abc", "****");
	             t.sendMessage(replyMessage,
                        replyMessage.getAllRecipients());
                  } finally {
                     t.close();
                  }
                  System.out.println("message replied successfully ....");

                  // close the store and folder objects
                  folder.close(false);
                  store.close();

               } else if ("n".equals(ans)) {
                  break;
               }
            }//end of for loop

         } else {
            System.out.println("There is no msg....");
         }

      } catch (Exception e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      }

   }

}
您可以通过取消注释语句 session.setDebug(true); 来打开调试。

编译和运行

现在我们的类已准备就绪,让我们编译上面的类。我已经将 ReplyToEmail.java 类保存到目录:/home/manisha/JavaMailAPIExercise。我们需要将 javax.mail.jaractivation.jar jar 包添加到类路径中。从命令提示符执行以下命令来编译类(两个 jar 包都放在 /home/manisha/ 目录中)

javac -cp /home/manisha/activation.jar:/home/manisha/javax.mail.jar: ReplyToEmail.java

现在类已编译,执行以下命令运行

java -cp /home/manisha/activation.jar:/home/manisha/javax.mail.jar: ReplyToEmail

验证输出

您应该在命令控制台中看到以下消息

From: ABC <[email protected]>
Reply-to: [email protected]
To: XYZ <[email protected]>
Subject: Hi today is a nice day
Sent: Thu Oct 17 15:58:37 IST 2013
Do you want to reply [y/n] : y
message replied successfully ....

检查发送邮件的收件箱。在本例中,收到的邮件如下所示

JavaMail API Reply Email
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