Python PostgreSQL - Join

当你已经将数据分为两表时，你可以使用连接从这两表中提取合并的记录。

示例

假设我们创建了名为 CRICKETERS 的表，并向其中插入了如下所示的 5 条记录：-

postgres=# CREATE TABLE CRICKETERS (
   First_Name VARCHAR(255), Last_Name VARCHAR(255), Age int, 
   Place_Of_Birth VARCHAR(255), Country VARCHAR(255)
);
postgres=# insert into CRICKETERS values ('Shikhar', 'Dhawan', 33, 'Delhi', 'India');
postgres=# insert into CRICKETERS values ('Jonathan', 'Trott', 38, 'CapeTown', 'SouthAfrica');
postgres=# insert into CRICKETERS values ('Kumara', 'Sangakkara', 41, 'Matale', 'Srilanka');
postgres=# insert into CRICKETERS values ('Virat', 'Kohli', 30, 'Delhi', 'India');
postgres=# insert into CRICKETERS values ('Rohit', 'Sharma', 32, 'Nagpur', 'India');

并且，如果我们创建了另一个名为 OdiStats 的表，并向其中插入了 5 条记录：-

postgres=# CREATE TABLE ODIStats (
   First_Name VARCHAR(255), Matches INT, Runs INT, AVG FLOAT, 
   Centuries INT, HalfCenturies INT
);
postgres=# insert into OdiStats values ('Shikhar', 133, 5518, 44.5, 17, 27);
postgres=# insert into OdiStats values ('Jonathan', 68, 2819, 51.25, 4, 22);
postgres=# insert into OdiStats values ('Kumara', 404, 14234, 41.99, 25, 93);
postgres=# insert into OdiStats values ('Virat', 239, 11520, 60.31, 43, 54);
postgres=# insert into OdiStats values ('Rohit', 218, 8686, 48.53, 24, 42);

以下语句检索合并这两表中值的的数据：-

postgres=# SELECT
   Cricketers.First_Name, Cricketers.Last_Name, Cricketers.Country,
   OdiStats.matches, OdiStats.runs, OdiStats.centuries, OdiStats.halfcenturies
   from Cricketers INNER JOIN OdiStats ON Cricketers.First_Name = OdiStats.First_Name;
 first_name | last_name  | country     | matches | runs  | centuries | halfcenturies
------------+------------+-------------+---------+-------+-----------+---------------
 Shikhar    | Dhawan     | India       | 133     | 5518  | 17        | 27
 Jonathan   | Trott      | SouthAfrica | 68      | 2819  | 4         | 22
 Kumara     | Sangakkara | Srilanka    | 404     | 14234 | 25        | 93
 Virat      | Kohli      | India       | 239     | 11520 | 43        | 54
 Rohit      | Sharma     | India       | 218     | 8686  | 24        | 42
(5 rows)
   
postgres=#

使用 Python 连接

当你已经将数据分为两表时，你可以使用连接从这两表中提取合并的记录。

示例

以下 python 程序演示了 JOIN 子句的用法：-

import psycopg2
#establishing the connection
conn = psycopg2.connect(
   database="mydb", user='postgres', password='password', host='127.0.0.1', port= '5432'
)

#Setting auto commit false
conn.autocommit = True

#Creating a cursor object using the cursor() method
cursor = conn.cursor()

#Retrieving single row
sql = '''SELECT * from EMP INNER JOIN CONTACT ON EMP.CONTACT = CONTACT.ID'''

#Executing the query
cursor.execute(sql)

#Fetching 1st row from the table
result = cursor.fetchall();
print(result)

#Commit your changes in the database
conn.commit()

#Closing the connection
conn.close()

输出

[
   ('Ramya', 'Rama priya', 27, 'F', 9000.0, 101, 101, '[email protected]', 'Hyderabad'), 
   ('Vinay', 'Battacharya', 20, 'M', 6000.0, 102, 102, '[email protected]', 'Vishakhapatnam'), 
   ('Sharukh', 'Sheik', 25, 'M', 8300.0, 103, 103, '[email protected] ', 'Pune'), 
   ('Sarmista', 'Sharma', 26, 'F', 10000.0, 104, 104, '[email protected]', 'Mumbai')
]