Spring Boot JPA - 自定义查询

有时会出现这种情况，我们需要一个自定义查询来满足一个测试用例。我们可以使用 @Query 注释在存储库中指定查询。下面是一个示例。在此示例中，我们正在使用 JPQL（Java 持久性查询语言）。

我们在 JPA 命名查询 章节的存储库中添加了名称查询自定义方法。现在，让我们使用 @Query 添加另一个方法并对其进行测试。

存储库 - EmployeeRepository.java

添加一个方法来按名称获取员工列表。

package com.tutorialspoint.repository;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.tutorialspoint.entity.Employee;

@Repository
public interface EmployeeRepository extends CrudRepository<Employee, Integer>  {
   public List<Employee> findByName(String name);	
   public List<Employee> findByAge(int age);
   public Employee findByEmail(String email);
   
   @Query(value = "SELECT e FROM Employee e ORDER BY name")
   public List<Employee> findAllSortedByName();
}

让我们在测试文件中添加他们的测试用例来测试添加的方法。下方文件中的最后两个方法会测试添加的自定义查询方法。

以下是 EmployeeRepositoryTest 的完整代码。

package com.tutorialspoint.repository;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.transaction.Transactional;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
import com.tutorialspoint.entity.Employee;
import com.tutorialspoint.sprintbooth2.SprintBootH2Application;

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@Transactional
@SpringBootTest(classes = SprintBootH2Application.class)
public class EmployeeRepositoryTest {
   @Autowired
   private EmployeeRepository employeeRepository;
   @Test
   public void testFindById() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();	     
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      Employee result = employeeRepository.findById(employee.getId()).get();
      assertEquals(employee.getId(), result.getId());	     
   }
   @Test
   public void testFindAll() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
      employeeRepository.findAll().forEach(e -> result.add(e));
      assertEquals(result.size(), 1);	     
   }
   @Test
   public void testSave() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      Employee found = employeeRepository.findById(employee.getId()).get();
      assertEquals(employee.getId(), found.getId());	     
   }
   @Test
   public void testDeleteById() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      employeeRepository.deleteById(employee.getId());
      List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
      employeeRepository.findAll().forEach(e -> result.add(e));
      assertEquals(result.size(), 0);
   }
   private Employee getEmployee() {
      Employee employee = new Employee();
      employee.setId(1);
      employee.setName("Mahesh");
      employee.setAge(30);
      employee.setEmail("[email protected]");
      return employee;
   }
   @Test
   public void testFindByName() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
      employeeRepository.findByName(employee.getName()).forEach(e -> result.add(e));
      assertEquals(result.size(), 1);	     
   }
   @Test
   public void testFindByAge() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
      employeeRepository.findByAge(employee.getAge()).forEach(e -> result.add(e));
      assertEquals(result.size(), 1);	     
   }
   @Test
   public void testFindByEmail() {	     
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      Employee result = employeeRepository.findByEmail(employee.getEmail());	     
      assertNotNull(result);	     
   }
   @Test
   public void testFindAllSortedByName() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      Employee employee1 = new Employee();
      employee1.setId(2);
      employee1.setName("Aarav");
      employee1.setAge(20);
      employee1.setEmail("[email protected]");
      employeeRepository.save(employee);	     
      employeeRepository.save(employee1);
      List<Employee> result = employeeRepository.findAllSortedByName();
      assertEquals(employee1.getName(), result.get(0).getName());	     
   }
}

运行测试用例

右键单击 Eclipse 中的文件，然后选择运行 JUnit 测试并验证结果。