Spring DI - Map 引用构造函数

您已经了解了如何在 Bean 配置文件中使用<property>标签的value属性配置基本数据类型，以及使用ref属性配置对象引用。这两种情况都涉及将单个值传递给 Bean。

现在，如果要传递 Map 该怎么办？在本例中，我们将展示如何使用构造函数注入传递 Map 的直接值。

示例

以下示例展示了一个名为JavaCollection的类，它使用集合作为通过构造函数参数注入的依赖项。

让我们更新在Spring DI - 创建项目章节中创建的项目。我们将添加以下文件：

Address.java - 用作依赖项的类。
JavaCollection.java - 包含依赖项集合的类。
MainApp.java - 运行和测试的主应用程序。

以下是Address.java文件的内容：

package com.tutorialspoint;

public class Address {
   private String name;

   public String getName() {
      return name;
   }
   public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }	
   @Override
   public String toString() {
      return name;
   }
}

以下是JavaCollection.java文件的内容：

package com.tutorialspoint;
import java.util.*;

public class JavaCollection {
   Map<String, Address>  addressMap;
   public JavaCollection() {}

   public JavaCollection(Map<String, Address> addressMap) {
      this.addressMap = addressMap;
   }

   // a setter method to set Map
   public void setAddressMap(Map<String, Address> addressMap) {
      this.addressMap = addressMap;
   }

   // prints and returns all the elements of the Map.
   public Map<String, Address> getAddressMap() {
      System.out.println("Map Elements :"  + addressMap);
      return addressMap;
   }
}

以下是MainApp.java文件的内容：

package com.tutorialspoint;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class MainApp {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationcontext.xml");
      JavaCollection jc=(JavaCollection)context.getBean("javaCollection");
      jc.getAddressMap();
   }
}

以下是包含所有类型集合配置的配置文件applicationcontext.xml：

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
   <bean id = "address1" class = "com.tutorialspoint.Address">
      <property name="name" value="INDIA"></property>
   </bean>
   <bean id = "address2" class = "com.tutorialspoint.Address">
      <property name="name" value="JAPAN"></property>
   </bean>
   <bean id = "address3" class = "com.tutorialspoint.Address">
      <property name="name" value="USA"></property>
   </bean>
   <bean id = "address4" class = "com.tutorialspoint.Address">
      <property name="name" value="UK"></property>
   </bean>
   <bean id = "javaCollection" class = "com.tutorialspoint.JavaCollection">
      <constructor-arg name = "addressMap">
         <map>
            <entry key = "1" value-ref = "address1"/>
            <entry key = "2" value-ref = "address2"/>
            <entry key = "3" value-ref = "address3"/>
            <entry key = "4" value-ref = "address4"/>
         </map>
      </constructor-arg>
   </bean>
</beans>

创建完源文件和 Bean 配置文件后，让我们运行应用程序。如果应用程序一切正常，它将打印以下消息：

Map Elements :{1=INDIA, 2=JAPAN, 3=USA, 4=UK}

打印页面