C 语言程序中针对频率与值同等的元素的数组范围查询
我们在这里将看到一个有趣的问题。我们有一个包含 N 个元素的数组。我们必须像下面那样执行一个 Q 查询 −
Q(start, end) 表示数字“p”在 start 到 end 的范围内恰好出现了“p”次数。
因此,如果数组为:{1, 5, 2, 3, 1, 3, 5, 7, 3, 9, 8},并且查询为 −
Q(1, 8) − 这里数字 1 出现了 1 次,数字 3 出现了 3 次。因此,答案是 2
Q(0, 2) − 这里数字 1 出现了 1 次。因此,答案是 1
算法
query(s, e) −
Begin get the elements and count the frequency of each element ‘e’ into one map count := count + 1 for each key-value pair p, do if p.key = p.value, then count := count + 1 done return count; End
实例
#include <iostream> #include <map> using namespace std; int query(int start, int end, int arr[]) { map<int, int> freq; for (int i = start; i <= end; i++) //get element and store frequency freq[arr[i]]++; int count = 0; for (auto x : freq) if (x.first == x.second) //when the frequencies are same, increase count count++; return count; } int main() { int A[] = {1, 5, 2, 3, 1, 3, 5, 7, 3, 9, 8}; int n = sizeof(A) / sizeof(A[0]); int queries[][3] = {{ 0, 1 }, { 1, 8 }, { 0, 2 }, { 1, 6 }, { 3, 5 }, { 7, 9 } }; int query_count = sizeof(queries) / sizeof(queries[0]); for (int i = 0; i < query_count; i++) { int start = queries[i][0]; int end = queries[i][1]; cout << "Answer for Query " << (i + 1) << " = " << query(start, end, A) << endl; } }
输出
Answer for Query 1 = 1 Answer for Query 2 = 2 Answer for Query 3 = 1 Answer for Query 4 = 1 Answer for Query 5 = 1 Answer for Query 6 = 0
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