C++ 多项式导数程序
给定一个包含多项式项的字符串,任务是求该多项式的导数。
什么是多项式?
多项式来自两个词:“Poly”表示“多”,“nomial”表示“项”,它包含多个项。多项式表达式是一个包含变量、系数和指数的表达式,其中仅涉及变量的加法、乘法和减法运算。
多项式的示例
x2+x+1
多项式的导数 p(x) = mx^n 将为 −
m * n * x^(n-1)
示例
Input: str = "2x^3 +1x^1 + 3x^2" val = 2 Output: 37 Explanation: 6x^2 + 1x^0 + 6x^1 Putting x = 2 6*4 + 1 + 6*2 = 24 + 1 + 12 = 37 Input: str = “1x^3” val = 2 Output: 12 Explanation: 1 * 3 *x^2 Putting x = 2 3 * 4 = 12
我们将使用以下方法来解决上述问题 −
- 将输入作为字符串和 x 的值
- 现在遍历该字符串并检查数字和变量。
- 在找到“+”之前,继续添加和遍历字符串。
- 然后 m * n * x^(n-1)。
- 返回结果。
算法
Start Step 1-> In function long long term(string polyterm, long long val) Declare and initialize coeffStr = "” Declare i Loop For i = 0 and polyterm[i] != 'x' and i++ Call coeffStr.push_back(polyterm[i]) Set coeff = atol(coeffStr.c_str() Declare and initialize powStr = "" Loop For i = i + 2 and i != polyterm.size() and i++ powStr.push_back(polyterm[i]) Set power = atol(powStr.c_str()); Return coeff * power * pow(val, power - 1) Step 2-> In function long long value(string& str, int val) Set ans = 0 Call istringstream is(str) Declare string polyterm Loop While is >> polyterm If polyterm == "+” then, Continue Else Set ans = (ans + term(polyterm, val)) Return ans Step 3-> In function int main() Declare and initialize str = "2x^3 + 1x^1 + 3x^2" Declare and initialize val = 2 Print the value received by value(str, val) Stop
示例
#include using namespace std; long long term(string polyterm, long long val) { //to find the coefficient string coeffStr = ""; int i; for (i = 0; polyterm[i] != 'x'; i++) coeffStr.push_back(polyterm[i]); long long coeff = atol(coeffStr.c_str()); // to get the power value string powStr = ""; for (i = i + 2; i != polyterm.size(); i++) powStr.push_back(polyterm[i]); long long power = atol(powStr.c_str()); // For ax^n, we return a(n-1)x^(n-1) return coeff * power * pow(val, power - 1); } long long value(string& str, int val) { long long ans = 0; // using istringstream to get input in tokens istringstream is(str); string polyterm; while (is >> polyterm) { // check if the token is equal to '+' then // continue with the string if (polyterm == "+") continue; // Otherwise find the derivative of that // particular term else ans = (ans + term(polyterm, val)); } return ans; } // main function int main() { string str = "2x^3 + 1x^1 + 3x^2"; int val = 2; cout << value(str, val); return 0; }
输出
37
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