拓扑排序
有向无环图的拓扑排序是顶点的线性排序。对于有向图的每条边 U-V,顶点 u 将在排序中排在顶点 v 之前。

如我们所知,源顶点排在目标顶点的后面,因此我们需要使用一个栈来存储先前的元素。完成所有节点后,我们可以简单地从堆栈中显示它们。
输入输出
Input: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 Output: Nodes after topological sorted order: 5 4 2 3 1 0
算法
topoSort(u, visited, stack)
输入 − 开始顶点 u、用于跟踪已访问或未访问的节点的数组。用于存储节点的堆栈。
输出 − 在栈中按拓扑顺序对顶点进行排序。
Begin mark u as visited for all vertices v which is adjacent with u, do if v is not visited, then topoSort(c, visited, stack) done push u into a stack End
performTopologicalSorting(Graph)
输入 − 给定的有向无环图。
输出 − 节点序列。
Begin initially mark all nodes as unvisited for all nodes v of the graph, do if v is not visited, then topoSort(i, visited, stack) done pop and print all elements from the stack End.
示例
#include<iostream>
#include<stack>
#define NODE 6
using namespace std;
int graph[NODE][NODE] = {
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
{0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0},
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0},
{1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0},
{1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0}
};
void topoSort(int u, bool visited[], stack<int>&stk) {
visited[u] = true; //set as the node v is visited
for(int v = 0; v<NODE; v++) {
if(graph[u][v]) { //for allvertices v adjacent to u
if(!visited[v])
topoSort(v, visited, stk);
}
}
stk.push(u); //push starting vertex into the stack
}
void performTopologicalSort() {
stack<int> stk;
bool vis[NODE];
for(int i = 0; i<NODE; i++)
vis[i] = false; //initially all nodes are unvisited
for(int i = 0; i<NODE; i++)
if(!vis[i]) //when node is not visited
topoSort(i, vis, stk);
while(!stk.empty()) {
cout << stk.top() << " ";
stk.pop();
}
}
main() {
cout << "Nodes after topological sorted order: ";
performTopologicalSort();
}输出
Nodes after topological sorted order: 5 4 2 3 1 0
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