并发测试多个网址

在本章中，我们将了解如何同时测试多个 URL。为此，我们需要编辑我们的应用程序文件 app.py 以包含两个 URL -

from bottle import Bottle, run

app = Bottle()

@app.route('/')
@app.route('/hello1')
def hello():
   return "Hello World! It is first URL."

@app.route('/hello2')
def hello():
   return "Hello World! It is second URL."

run(app,server = 'gunicorn',host = '127.0.0.1', port = 8080)

创建一个简单的 shell 脚本

你可以通过创建带有多个 ab 调用的 shell 脚本来执行此操作。创建一个文件 test.sh 并向其中添加以下行 -

ab -n 100 -c 10 http://127.0.0.1:8080/hello1 
ab -n 100 -c 10 http://127.0.0.1:8080/hello2

添加上述行后，保存并关闭该文件。使文件可执行 -

chmod u+x test.sh

现在让我们运行脚本 -

./test.sh

为了避免重复和澄清目的，我们将只显示 ab 输出中的相关部分，并用点来表示已省略的部分，如下所示。

输出

.
.
.
Document Path:          /hello1
Document Length:        732 bytes

Concurrency Level:      10
Time taken for tests:   0.040 seconds
Complete requests:      100
Failed requests:        0
Non-2xx responses:      100
Total transferred:      90000 bytes
HTML transferred:       73200 bytes
Requests per second:    2496.13 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       4.006 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       0.401 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          2193.87 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.8      0       3
Processing:     1    3   1.0      4       5
Waiting:        0    3   1.2      4       4
Total:          1    4   0.6      4       5
WARNING: The median and mean for the processing time are not within a normal deviation
        These results are probably not that reliable.
.
.
.

将 Apache Bench 输出保存到文件的 Shell 脚本

你可以通过创建带有多个 ab 调用的 shell 脚本将 Apache Bench 输出保存到文件。在每一行的末尾，放置一个 &;；这会使命令在后台运行，并让下一条命令开始执行。你还会希望将每个 URL 的输出重定向到一个文件，使用 <filename>。例如，我们的文件 test.sh 在修改后将如下所示 -

$ ab -n 100 -c 10 http://127.0.0.1:8080/hello1 > test1.txt &
$ ab -n 100 -c 10 http://127.0.0.1:8080/hello2 > test2.txt &

此处，test1.txt 和 test2.txt 是保存输出数据的文件。

你可以检查上面的脚本是否创建了两个文件 test1.txt 和 test2.txt，其中包含各个 URL 的 ab 输出 -

$ ls -l

输出

...
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  5225 May 30 12:11 out.data
-rwxr--r-- 1 root root   118 Jun 10 12:24 test.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1291 Jun 10 12:31 test1.txt
-rwxr--r-- 1 root root    91 Jun 10 13:22 test2.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1291 Jun 10 12:31 test2.txt
...

注意情况

在使用 ab 时，你应该注意未经警告就进行的失败测试。例如，如果你检查一个错误的 URL，你可能会得到类似以下内容（我们在这里故意更改了端口）。

$ ab -l -r -n 100 -c 10 -k -H "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate"  http://127.0.0.1:805/

输出

This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1604373 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, https://apache.org/

Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient).....done

Server Software:
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            805

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        Variable

Concurrency Level:      10
Time taken for tests:   0.002 seconds
Complete requests:      100
Failed requests:        150
   (Connect: 0, Receive: 100, Length: 0, Exceptions: 50)
Keep-Alive requests:    0
Total transferred:      0 bytes
HTML transferred:       0 bytes
Requests per second:    44984.26 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       0.222 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       0.022 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          0.00 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.0      0       0
Processing:     0    0   0.2      0       0
Waiting:        0    0   0.0      0       0
Total:          0    0   0.2      0       0

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%      0
  66%      0
  75%      0
  80%      0
  90%      0
  95%      0
  98%      0
  99%      0
 100%      0 (longest request)