如何用CSS创建响应式下拉导航栏?
要创建一个响应式导航栏,可以使用媒体查询。当需要为不同的设备(如平板电脑、手机、台式机等)设置样式时,可以使用媒体查询。带有下拉菜单的导航栏如下所示。下拉菜单包含联系我们、访问我们和关于我们子菜单:
设置导航菜单和链接样式
此处设置导航菜单的背景颜色和链接。菜单链接使用display属性设置为inline-block。它将元素显示为内联级块容器:
nav{ background-color: #017575; width: 100%; } .links,.links-hidden{ display: inline-block; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration: none; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; padding: 20px; }
菜单链接
以下是我们的菜单链接:
<a class="links" href="#">HOME</a> <a class="links" href="#">EMPLOYEES</a> <a class="links" href="#">CAREER</a> <a class="links" href="#">Our History</a> <a class="links" href="#">Fund Us</a> <a class="links" href="#">More Info</a>
下拉菜单链接
以下是设置为下拉菜单的菜单链接其他:
<div class="dropdown-menu"> <button class="menu-btn">Others <</button> <div class="menu-content"> <a class="links-hidden" href="#">Contact Us</a> <a class="links-hidden" href="#">Visit Us</a> <a class="links-hidden" href="#">About Us</a> </div> </div>
设置下拉链接样式
这就是下拉菜单的样式:
.dropdown-menu:hover .menu-content { display: block; } .dropdown-menu:hover .menu-btn { background-color: #3e8e41; }
汉堡菜单
汉堡菜单是三条叠加的线。它用于响应式设计,当浏览器大小减小时(即出现在平板电脑和手机上)出现:
<a class="hamburger">☰</a>
响应式媒体查询
以下是为平板电脑和手机视图设置的:
@media screen and (max-width: 880px) { nav a:not(:first-child) { display: none; } nav a.hamburger { float: right; display: block; padding: 12px; } .dropdown-menu{ display: none; } nav.openNav a.hamburger { position: relative; } nav.openNav a { float: none; display: block; text-align: center; } }
示例
以下是创建带下拉菜单的响应式导航栏的代码:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <style> *,*::after,*::before{ box-sizing: border-box; } .menu-btn { font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; display: inline-block; text-align: center; background-color: #040008; color: white; padding: 20px; font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif; border: none; width: 100%; } .dropdown-menu { position: relative; display: inline-block; } .menu-content { display: none; position: absolute; width: 100%; background-color: #017575; min-width: 160px; z-index: 1; } nav{ background-color: #017575; width: 100%; } .links,.links-hidden{ display: inline-block; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration: none; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; padding: 20px; } .links-hidden:hover,.links:hover { background-color: rgb(8, 107, 46); } .dropdown-menu:hover .menu-content { display: block; } .dropdown-menu:hover .menu-btn { background-color: #3e8e41; } .hamburger { color: white; font-weight: bolder; display: none; } @media screen and (max-width: 880px) { nav a:not(:first-child) { display: none; } nav a.hamburger { float: right; display: block; padding: 12px; } .dropdown-menu{ display: none; } nav.openNav a.hamburger { position: relative; } nav.openNav a { float: none; display: block; text-align: center; } } nav.openNav div.dropdown-menu{ display: block; width: 100%; } </style> </head> <body> <nav> <a class="links" href="#">HOME</a> <a class="links" href="#">EMPLOYEES</a> <a class="links" href="#">CAREER</a> <a class="links" href="#">Our History</a> <a class="links" href="#">Fund Us</a> <a class="links" href="#">More Info</a> <div class="dropdown-menu"> <button class="menu-btn">Open <</button> <div class="menu-content"> <a class="links-hidden" href="#">Contact Us</a> <a class="links-hidden" href="#">Visit Us</a> <a class="links-hidden" href="#">About Us</a> </div> </div> <a class="hamburger">☰</a> </nav> <script> var x = document.getElementsByTagName("nav")[0]; function toggleNav() { if (x.className === "") { x.className = " openNav"; } else { x.className = ""; } } document.querySelector(".hamburger").addEventListener("click", toggleNav); </script> </body> </html>
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