如何使用 Kotlin 正确突出显示 Android RecyclerView 中选中的项目？

此示例演示了如何使用 Kotlin 正确突出显示 Android RecyclerView 中选中的项目。

步骤 1 − 在 Android Studio 中创建一个新项目，转到文件 ⇒ 新建项目，并填写所有必需的详细信息以创建新项目。

步骤 2 − 将以下代码添加到 res/layout/activity_main.xml 中。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
   android:layout_width="match_parent"
   android:layout_height="match_parent"
   android:padding="4dp"
   tools:context=".MainActivity">
   <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
      android:id="@+id/recyclerView"
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="match_parent"
      android:paddingBottom="8dp" />
</RelativeLayout>

步骤 3 − 将以下代码添加到 src/MainActivity.kt 中。

import android.os.Bundle
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
   override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
      super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
      setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
      title = "KotlinApp"
      val recyclerView: RecyclerView = findViewById(R.id.recyclerView)
      recyclerView.addItemDecoration(SimpleItemDecoration(this))
      val layoutManager = LinearLayoutManager(this@MainActivity)
      recyclerView.layoutManager = layoutManager
      val posts = returnListItems()
      val adapter = RecyclerViewAdapter(this@MainActivity, posts)
      recyclerView.adapter = adapter
   }
   private fun returnListItems(): List<ItemObject>? {
      val items: MutableList<ItemObject> = ArrayList()
      items.add(ItemObject("Ballon'd'or", "2007", "Ricardo KaKa"))
      items.add(ItemObject("Ballon'd'or", "2008", "Cristiano Ronaldo"))
      items.add(ItemObject("Ballon'd'or", "2009 - 2012, 2015", "Lionel Messi"))
      items.add(ItemObject("Ballon'd'or", "2013, 2014, 2016, 2017", "Cristiano Ronaldo"))
      items.add(ItemObject("Ballon'd'or", "2018", "Luca Modric"))
      items.add(ItemObject("Ballon'd'or", "2019", "Lionel Messi"))
      return items
   }
}

步骤 4 − 创建如下所述的 kotlin 类文件，并添加相应的代码

ItemObject.kt −

internal class ItemObject(val awardTitle: String, val awardYear: String, val player: String) {
}

RecyclerViewAdapter.kt −

import android.view.LayoutInflater
import android.view.ViewGroup
import androidx.annotation.NonNull
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
class RecyclerViewAdapter internal constructor(
   context: MainActivity,
   private val itemList: List<ItemObject>?
) : RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerViewHolders>() {
   @NonNull
   override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): RecyclerViewHolders {
      val layoutView = LayoutInflater.from(parent.context).inflate(R.layout.list_layout, null)
      return RecyclerViewHolders(layoutView)
   }
   override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: RecyclerViewHolders, position: Int) {
      holder.awardTitle.text = "Award Title: " + itemList!![position].awardTitle
      holder.awardYear.text = "Award Year: " + itemList[position].awardYear
      holder.player.text = "Player Name: " + itemList[position].player
   }
   override fun getItemCount(): Int {
      return this.itemList!!.size
   }
}

RecyclerViewHolders.kt −

import android.util.SparseBooleanArray
import android.view.View
import android.widget.TextView
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView.ViewHolder
class RecyclerViewHolders(itemView: View) : ViewHolder(itemView),
View.OnClickListener {
   var awardTitle: TextView
   var awardYear: TextView
   var player: TextView
   private val selectedItems = SparseBooleanArray()
   override fun onClick(view: View) {
      if (selectedItems[adapterPosition, false]) {
         selectedItems.delete(adapterPosition)
         view.isSelected = false
      }
      else {
         selectedItems.put(adapterPosition, true)
         view.isSelected = true
      }
   }
   init {
      itemView.setOnClickListener(this)
      awardTitle = itemView.findViewById(R.id.awardTitle)
      awardYear = itemView.findViewById(R.id.awardYear)
      player = itemView.findViewById(R.id.playerName)
   }
}

SimpleItemDecoration.kt −

import android.content.Context
import android.graphics.Canvas
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable
import androidx.annotation.NonNull
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
internal class SimpleItemDecoration(context: Context) : RecyclerView.ItemDecoration() {
   private val drawable: Drawable = ContextCompat.getDrawable(context, R.drawable.line_divider)!!
   override fun onDrawOver(
      @NonNull canvas: Canvas,
      parent: RecyclerView,
      @NonNull state: RecyclerView.State
   )
   {
      val left = parent.paddingLeft
      val right = parent.width - parent.paddingRight
      val childCount = parent.childCount
      for (i in 0 until childCount) {
         val child = parent.getChildAt(i)
         val params = child.layoutParams as RecyclerView.LayoutParams
         val top = child.bottom + params.bottomMargin
         val bottom = top + drawable.intrinsicHeight
         drawable.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom)
         drawable.draw(canvas)
      }
   }
}

步骤 5 − 创建如下所述的可绘制资源文件，并添加相应的代码

background_selecter.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
   <item android:drawable="@android:color/holo_green_light" android:state_pressed="false" android:state_selected="true" />
   <item android:drawable="@android:color/holo_purple" android:state_selected="false" />
</selector>

line_divider.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   android:shape="rectangle">
   <size
      android:width="2dp"
      android:height="2dp" />
   <solid android:color="@color/colorPrimaryDark" />
</shape>

步骤 6 − 创建一个布局资源文件 (list_layout.xml) 并添加以下代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   android:id="@+id/container"
   android:layout_width="match_parent"
   android:layout_height="match_parent"
   android:background="@drawable/background_selector"
   android:padding="16dp">
   <TextView
      android:id="@+id/awardTitle"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
      android:text="New Text"
      android:textColor="@android:color/background_dark"
      android:textSize="18sp"
      android:textStyle="bold" />
   <TextView
      android:id="@+id/awardYear"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:layout_below="@+id/awardTitle"
      android:layout_alignStart="@+id/awardTitle"
      android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
      android:text="New Text"
      android:textColor="@android:color/background_dark" />
   <TextView
      android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
      android:id="@+id/playerName"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"
      android:text="New Text"
      android:textColor="@android:color/background_dark" />
</RelativeLayout>

步骤 7 − 将以下代码添加到 androidManifest.xml 中

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   package="com.example.q11">
   <application
      android:allowBackup="true"
      android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
      android:label="@string/app_name"
      android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
      android:supportsRtl="true"
      android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
      <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
         <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
         </intent-filter>
      </activity>
   </application>
</manifest>

让我们尝试运行您的应用程序。我假设您已将您的实际 Android 移动设备连接到您的计算机。要从 Android Studio 运行应用程序，请打开项目中的一个 activity 文件，然后点击工具栏中的运行图标。选择您的移动设备作为选项，然后检查您的移动设备，它将显示您的默认屏幕