使用 C++ 编程打印二叉树中每个结点的置位位数。
对于给定的二叉树,该函数将生成存储在结点中的键的二进制值,然后返回该二进制等价中置位位(1)的数量。
示例
键为 10 3 211 140 162 100 和 146 的二叉树
键 | 二进制等价 | 置位位(输出) |
---|---|---|
10 | 1010 | 2 |
3 | 0011 | 2 |
211 | 11010011 | 5 |
140 | 10001100 | 3 |
162 | 10100010 | 3 |
100 | 1100100 | 3 |
146 | 10010010 | 3 |
这里我们使用函数 __builtin_popcount
该函数的原型如下所示:
int __builtin_popcount(unsigned int)
它返回给定数字(即二进制表示中 1 的个数)中置位位的数目。
算法
START Step 1 -> create a structure of a node as struct Node struct node *left, *right int data End Step 2 -> function to create a node node* newnode(int data) node->data = data node->left = node->right = NULL; return (node) Step 3 -> Create function for generating bits of a node data void bits(Node* root) IF root = NULL return print __builtin_popcount(root->data) bits(root->left) bits(root->right) step 4 -> In main() create tree using Node* root = newnode(10) root->left = newnode(3) call bits(root) STOP
示例
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; // structure of a node struct Node { int data; struct Node *left, *right; }; //function to create a new node Node* newnode(int data) { Node* node = new Node; node->data = data; node->left = node->right = NULL; return (node); } //function for finding out the node void bits(Node* root){ if (root == NULL) return; //__builtin_popcount counts the number of set bit of a current node cout << "bits in node " << root->data << " = " <<__builtin_popcount(root->data)<< "\n"; bits(root->left); bits(root->right); } int main(){ Node* root = newnode(10); root->left = newnode(3); root->left->left = newnode(140); root->left->right = newnode(162); root->right = newnode(211); root->right->left = newnode(100); root->right->right = newnode(146); bits(root); return 0; }
输出
如果我们运行上述程序,它将生成以下输出:
bits in node 10 = 2 bits in node 3 = 2 bits in node 140 = 3 bits in node 162 = 3 bits in node 211 = 5 bits in node 100 = 3 bits in node 146 = 3
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