如何在Android活动间传递数据?
本例演示了如何在Android活动间传递数据。
步骤1 − 在Android Studio中创建一个新项目,轉到文件 ⇒ 新项目并填写所有必需的详细信息以创建新项目。
步骤2 − 向res/layout/activity_main.xml添加以下代码。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context=".MainActivity"> <Button android:id="@+id/btnPassData" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_above="@id/btnReturnData" android:layout_marginBottom="16dp" android:text="Pass Data To Second Activity" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btnReturnData" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_centerInParent="true" android:text="Pass Data To Next Activity And Get back data!"/> <TextView android:id="@+id/resultDataTextView" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_below="@id/btnReturnData" android:layout_marginTop="16dp" android:textSize="20sp"/> </RelativeLayout>
步骤3 − 向src/MainActivity.java添加以下代码
import android.content.Intent; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.TextView; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private final static int REQUEST_CODE_1 = 1; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); Button button = findViewById(R.id.btnPassData); button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, SecondActivity.class); intent.putExtra("message", "This message comes from passing data from Main " + "Activity"); startActivity(intent); } }); Button passDataReturnResultSourceButton = findViewById(R.id.btnReturnData); passDataReturnResultSourceButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View view) { Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, SecondActivity.class); intent.putExtra("message", "This message comes from the MainActivity second button"); startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE_1); } }); } @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent dataIntent) { super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, dataIntent); switch (requestCode) { case REQUEST_CODE_1: TextView textView = findViewById(R.id.resultDataTextView); if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) { String messageReturn = dataIntent.getStringExtra("message_return"); textView.setText(messageReturn); } } } }
步骤4 − 向res/layout/activity_second.xml添加以下代码。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context=".SecondActivity"> <Button android:id="@+id/btnReturnData" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_centerInParent="true" android:text="Pass Data Back To Main Activity"/> <TextView android:layout_below="@id/btnReturnData" android:layout_marginTop="8dp" android:id="@+id/tvReturnData" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textSize="20dp"/> </RelativeLayout>
步骤5 − 向src/SecondActivity.java添加以下代码
import android.content.Intent; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.TextView; public class SecondActivity extends AppCompatActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_second); Intent intent = getIntent(); String message = intent.getStringExtra("message"); TextView textView = findViewById(R.id.tvReturnData); textView.setText(message); Button passDataTargetReturnDataButton = findViewById(R.id.btnReturnData); passDataTargetReturnDataButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View view) { Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.putExtra("message_return", "This data is returned when user click button in target activity."); setResult(RESULT_OK, intent); finish(); } }); } @Override public void onBackPressed() { Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.putExtra("message_return", "This data is returned when user click back menu in target activity."); setResult(RESULT_OK, intent); finish(); } }
步骤6 − 向androidManifest.xml添加以下代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="app.com.sample"> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round" android:supportsRtl="true" android:theme="@style/AppTheme"> <activity android:name=".SecondActivity"></activity> <activity android:name=".MainActivity"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> </manifest>
我们来试着运行您的應用程式。我假設您已將真正的Android行動裝置與您的電腦連接起來。要從Android Studio執行應用程式,請開啟專案中的任一個活動檔案,然後按一下工具列中的執行 圖示。選擇任一行動裝置,然後查看會顯示預設畫面的行動裝置 −
按一下此处以下载该项目代码。
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