Android 中 Activity 之间的数据传递
在本课中,我们只关注在 Activity 之间传递数据而不使其持久化,因此我们将研究实现这一目标的两种最简单的方法,即使用静态方法和 Intent
使用静态方法
此示例演示了如何在 Android 中使用静态方法在 Activity 之间传递数据。
步骤 1 - 在 Android Studio 中创建一个新项目,转到文件 ⇒ 新建项目,并填写所有必需的详细信息以创建新项目。
步骤 2 - 将以下代码添加到 res/layout/activity_main.xml。
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools = "http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width = "match_parent" android:layout_height = "match_parent" android:layout_margin = "16dp" android:orientation = "vertical" tools:context = ".MainActivity"> <EditText android:id = "@+id/edit_text" android:layout_width = "match_parent" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:layout_gravity = "center" android:hint = "Enter something to pass" android:inputType = "text" /> <Button android:id = "@+id/button" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:layout_gravity = "center" android:layout_marginTop = "16dp" android:text = "Next" /> </LinearLayout>
步骤 3 - 将以下代码添加到 src/MainActivity.java
package com.example.myapplication; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private static String value; public static String getValue() { return value; } @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); final EditText editText = findViewById(R.id.edit_text); Button button = findViewById(R.id.button); button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { value = editText.getText().toString().trim(); Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, SecondActivity.class); startActivity(intent); } }); } }
步骤 4 - 将以下代码添加到 res/layout/activity_second.xml。
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools = "http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width = "match_parent" android:layout_height = "match_parent" android:layout_margin = "16dp" android:orientation = "vertical" tools:context = ".SecondActivity"> <TextView android:id = "@+id/text_view" android:layout_width = "match_parent" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:layout_gravity = "center" /> </LinearLayout>
步骤 5 - 将以下代码添加到 src/SecondActivity.java
package com.example.myapplication; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.TextView; public class SecondActivity extends AppCompatActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_second); TextView textView = findViewById(R.id.text_view); textView.setText(MainActivity.getValue()); } }
步骤 6 - 将以下代码添加到 androidManifest.xml
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package = "com.example.myapplication"> <application android:allowBackup = "true" android:icon = "@mipmap/ic_launcher" android:label = "@string/app_name" android:roundIcon = "@mipmap/ic_launcher_round" android:supportsRtl = "true" android:theme = "@style/AppTheme"> <activity android:name = ".MainActivity"> <intent-filter> <action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <activity android:name = ".SecondActivity"></activity> </application> </manifest>
让我们尝试运行您的应用程序。我假设您已将您的实际 Android 移动设备连接到您的计算机。要从 Android Studio 运行应用程序,请打开您的项目之一的 Activity 文件,然后单击 工具栏中的运行图标。选择您的移动设备作为选项,然后检查您的移动设备,它将显示您的默认屏幕 -
点击此处下载项目代码
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