Python程序:查找树的中序遍历中的第N个节点
当需要查找二叉树中序遍历的第'n'个节点时,会创建一个包含设置根元素、向左或右添加元素、执行中序遍历等方法的二叉树类。创建类的实例后,即可用于访问这些方法。
下面是相同的演示:
示例
class BinaryTree_struct: def __init__(self, key=None): self.key = key self.left = None self.right = None def set_root(self, key): self.key = key def inorder_nth(self, n): return self.inorder_nth_helper_fun(n, []) def inorder_nth_helper_fun(self, n, in_ord): if self.left is not None: temp = self.left.inorder_nth_helper_fun(n, in_ord) if temp is not None: return temp in_ord.append(self) if n == len(in_ord): return self if self.right is not None: temp = self.right.inorder_nth_helper_fun(n, in_ord) if temp is not None: return temp def insert_t0_left(self, new_node): self.left = new_node def insert_to_right(self, new_node): self.right = new_node def search_elem(self, key): if self.key == key: return self if self.left is not None: temp = self.left.search_elem(key) if temp is not None: return temp if self.right is not None: temp = self.right.search_elem(key) return temp return None btree_instance = None print('Menu (this assumes no duplicate keys)') print('insert <data> at root') print('insert <data> left of <data>') print('insert <data> right of <data>') print('inorder ') print('quit') while True: do = input('What would you like to do? ').split() operation = do[0].strip().lower() if operation == 'insert': data = int(do[1]) new_node = BinaryTree_struct(data) suboperation = do[2].strip().lower() if suboperation == 'at': btree_instance = new_node else: position = do[4].strip().lower() key = int(position) ref_node = None if btree_instance is not None: ref_node = btree_instance.search_elem(key) if ref_node is None: print('No such key.') continue if suboperation == 'left': ref_node.insert_t0_left(new_node) elif suboperation == 'right': ref_node.insert_to_right(new_node) elif operation == 'inorder': if btree_instance is not None: index = int(do[1].strip().lower()) node = btree_instance.inorder_nth(index) if node is not None: print('nth term of inorder traversal: {}'.format(node.key)) else: print('The index exceeds maximum possible index.') else: print('The tree is empty...') elif operation == 'quit': break
输出
Menu (this assumes no duplicate keys) insert <data> at root insert <data> left of <data> insert <data> right of <data> inorder quit What would you like to do? insert 5 at root What would you like to do? insert 6 left of 5 What would you like to do? insert 8 right of 5 What would you like to do? inorder 5 The index exceeds maximum possible index. What would you like to do? 6 6
解释
创建具有所需属性的'BinaryTree_struct'类。
它有一个'init'函数,用于将左节点和右节点设置为'None'。
它有一个'set_root'方法,用于设置二叉树的根。
另一个名为'inorder_nth'的方法使用递归执行中序遍历。
因此,它同时定义了一个辅助函数。
定义了另一个名为'insert_to_right'的方法,用于帮助将元素添加到根节点的右侧。
定义了一个名为'insert_to_left'的方法,用于帮助将元素添加到根节点的左侧。
定义了一个名为'search_elem'的方法,用于帮助搜索特定元素。
创建'BinaryTree_struct'类的对象。
获取用户输入,以确定需要执行的操作。
根据用户的选择,执行操作。
在控制台上显示相关的输出。
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