Spring MVC - 多方法控制器示例

以下示例展示了如何使用 Spring Web MVC 框架的多方法控制器。MultiActionController 类有助于将多个 URL 分别与其在单个控制器中的方法进行映射。

package com.tutorialspoint;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.MultiActionController;

public class UserController extends MultiActionController{
	
   public ModelAndView home(HttpServletRequest request,
      HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
      ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView("home");
      model.addObject("message", "Home");
      return model;
   }

   public ModelAndView add(HttpServletRequest request,
      HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
      ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView("user");
      model.addObject("message", "Add");
      return model;
   }

   public ModelAndView remove(HttpServletRequest request,
      HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
      ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView("user");
      model.addObject("message", "Remove");
      return model;
   }
}

<bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
<bean name = "/home.htm" class = "com.tutorialspoint.UserController" /> 
<bean name = "/user/*.htm" class = "com.tutorialspoint.UserController" />

例如，使用上述配置，如果请求 URI -

/home.htm，DispatcherServlet 将请求转发到 UserController 的home() 方法。
user/add.htm，DispatcherServlet 将请求转发到 UserController 的add() 方法。
user/remove.htm，DispatcherServlet 将请求转发到 UserController 的remove() 方法。

首先，让我们准备好一个可用的 Eclipse IDE，并按照以下步骤使用 Spring Web 框架开发基于动态表单的 Web 应用程序。

步骤	描述
1	在 com.tutorialspoint 包下创建一个名为 TestWeb 的项目，如 Spring MVC - Hello World 章节中所述。
2	在 com.tutorialspoint 包下创建一个 Java 类 UserController。
3	在 jsp 子文件夹下创建视图文件 home.jsp 和 user.jsp。
4	最后一步是创建源文件和配置文件的内容，并导出应用程序，如下所述。

UserController.java

package com.tutorialspoint;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.MultiActionController;

public class UserController extends MultiActionController{
	
   public ModelAndView home(HttpServletRequest request,
      HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
      ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView("home");
      model.addObject("message", "Home");
      return model;
   }

   public ModelAndView add(HttpServletRequest request,
      HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
      ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView("user");
      model.addObject("message", "Add");
      return model;
   }

   public ModelAndView remove(HttpServletRequest request,
      HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
      ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView("user");
      model.addObject("message", "Remove");
      return model;
   }
}

TestWeb-servlet.xml

<beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

   <bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
      <property name = "prefix" value = "/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
      <property name = "suffix" value = ".jsp"/>
   </bean>

   <bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
   <bean name = "/home.htm" 
      class = "com.tutorialspoint.UserController" /> 
   <bean name = "/user/*.htm" 
      class = "com.tutorialspoint.UserController" />    
</beans>

home.jsp

<%@ page contentType = "text/html; charset = UTF-8" %>
<html>
   <head>
      <meta http-equiv = "Content-Type" content = "text/html; charset = ISO-8859-1">
      <title>Home</title>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <a href = "user/add.htm" >Add</a> <br>
      <a href = "user/remove.htm" >Remove</a>
   </body>
</html>

user.jsp

<%@ page contentType = "text/html; charset = UTF-8" %>
<html>
   <head>
      <title>Hello World</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      <h2>${message}</h2>  
   </body>
</html>

创建完源文件和配置文件后，导出应用程序。右键单击应用程序，使用导出 → WAR 文件选项，并将 TestWeb.war 文件保存到 Tomcat 的 webapps 文件夹中。

现在，启动 Tomcat 服务器，并确保您可以使用标准浏览器访问 webapps 文件夹中的其他网页。现在，尝试 URL - https://127.0.0.1:8080/TestWeb/home.htm，如果 Spring Web 应用程序一切正常，我们将看到以下屏幕。

尝试 URL https://127.0.0.1:8080/TestWeb/user/add.htm，如果 Spring Web 应用程序一切正常，我们将看到以下屏幕。

打印页面