C++ forward_list::clear() 函数



C++ 的std::forward_list::clear()函数用于擦除 forward_list 中的所有元素。

它通过从 forward_list 中删除所有元素来销毁 forward_list,并将 forward_list 的大小设置为零。此函数的返回类型为 void,这意味着它不返回值。

语法

以下是 C++ std::forward_list::clear() 函数的语法:

void clear();

参数

  • 它不接受任何参数。

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返回值

此函数不返回值。

示例 1

如果 forward_list 是 int 类型,则 clear() 函数会擦除 forward_list 中的所有元素。

在以下程序中,我们使用 C++ std::forward_list::clear() 函数来擦除当前 forward_list {10, 20, 30, 40, 50} 中的所有元素,并且此函数调用后 forward_list 的大小将为零。

Open Compiler
#include<iostream> #include<forward_list> using namespace std; int main(){ //create a forward_list forward_list<int> num_list = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50}; cout<<"The forward_list contents before the clear operation: "<<endl; for(int n : num_list) { cout<<n<<endl; } cout<<"The size of the forward_list before clear operation: "; int size = distance(num_list.begin(), num_list.end()); cout<<size<<endl; //using the clear() function num_list.clear(); int new_size = distance(num_list.begin(), num_list.end()); cout<<"The size of forward_list after clear operation: "<<new_size; }

输出

以下是上述程序的输出:

The forward_list contents before the clear operation: 
10
20
30
40
50
The size of the forward_list before clear operation: 5
The size of forward_list after clear operation: 0

示例 2

如果 forward_list 是 char 类型,则此函数会擦除 forward_list 中的所有元素。

以下是 C++ std::forward_list::clear() 函数的另一个示例。在这里,我们创建一个名为 char_list 的 forward_list(类型为 char),其内容为 {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E'}。然后,使用 clear() 函数,我们尝试擦除此 forward_list 中的所有元素。

Open Compiler
#include<iostream> #include<forward_list> using namespace std; int main(){ //create a forward_list forward_list<int> char_list = {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E'}; cout<<"The forward_list contents before the clear operation: "<<endl; for(char c : char_list) { cout<<c<<endl; } cout<<"The size of the forward_list before clear operation: "; int size = distance(char_list.begin(), char_list.end()); cout<<size<<endl; //using the clear() function char_list.clear(); int new_size = distance(char_list.begin(), char_list.end()); cout<<"The size of forward_list after clear operation: "<<new_size; }

输出

这将生成以下输出:

The forward_list contents before the clear operation: 
A
B
C
D
E
The size of the forward_list before clear operation: 5
The size of forward_list after clear operation: 0

示例 3

除了 int 类型和 char 类型 forward_list 元素之外,我们还可以擦除 string 类型 forward_list 元素。

在此示例中,我们创建一个名为 languages 的 forward_list(类型为 string),其内容为 {"Java", "HTML", "CSS", "JavaScript"}。使用 clear() 函数,我们尝试擦除此 forward_list 中的所有元素。

Open Compiler
#include<iostream> #include<forward_list> using namespace std; int main(){ //create a forward_list forward_list<string> languages = {"Java", "HTML", "CSS", "JavaScript"}; cout<<"The forward_list contents before the clear operation: "<<endl; for(string l : languages) { cout<<l<<endl; } cout<<"The size of the forward_list before clear operation: "; int size = distance(languages.begin(), languages.end()); cout<<size<<endl; //using the clear() function languages.clear(); int new_size = distance(languages.begin(), languages.end()); if(new_size == 0) { cout<<"The forward_list has no elements and size is: "<<new_size; }else{ cout<<"The forward_list is non_empty and size is: "<<new_size; } }

输出

上述程序产生以下输出:

The forward_list contents before the clear operation: 
Java
HTML
CSS
JavaScript
The size of the forward_list before clear operation: 4
The forward_list has no elements and size is: 0
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