化简
(i) (x−y)(x+y)(x2+y2)(x4+y4)
(ii) (2x−1)(2x+1)(4x2+1)(16x4+1)
(iii) (7m−8n)2+(7m+8n)2
(iv) (2.5p−1.5q)2−(1.5p−2.5q)2
(v) (m2−n2m)2+2m3n2
已知
(i) (x−y)(x+y)(x2+y2)(x4+y4)
(ii) (2x−1)(2x+1)(4x2+1)(16x4+1)
(iii) (7m−8n)2+(7m+8n)2
(iv) (2.5p−1.5q)2−(1.5p−2.5q)2
(v) (m2−n2m)2+2m3n2
要求
我们必须化简给定的表达式。
解答
这里,我们需要化简给定的表达式。利用代数恒等式 (a+b)2=a2+2ab+b2,(a−b)2=a2−2ab+b2 和 (a+b)(a−b)=a2−b2,我们可以简化给定的表达式。
(a+b)2=a2+2ab+b2.............(I)
(a−b)2=a2−2ab+b2.............(II)
(a+b)(a−b)=a2−b2................(III)
(i) 给定的表达式是 (x−y)(x+y)(x2+y2)(x4+y4)。
(x−y)(x+y)(x2+y2)(x4+y4)=(x2−y2)(x2+y2)(x4+y4) [利用 (III)]
(x−y)(x+y)(x2+y2)(x4+y4)=[(x2)2−(y2)2](x4+y4) [利用 (III)]
(x−y)(x+y)(x2+y2)(x4+y4)=(x4−y4)(x4+y4)
(x−y)(x+y)(x2+y2)(x4+y4)=(x4)2−(y4)2 [利用 (III)]
(x−y)(x+y)(x2+y2)(x4+y4)=x8−y8
(ii) 给定的表达式是 (2x−1)(2x+1)(4x2+1)(16x4+1)。
(2x−1)(2x+1)(4x2+1)(16x4+1)=[(2x)2−(1)2](4x2+1)(16x4+1) [利用 (III)]
(2x−1)(2x+1)(4x2+1)(16x4+1)=(4x2−1)(4x2+1)(16x4+1)
(2x−1)(2x+1)(4x2+1)(16x4+1)=[(4x2)2−(1)2](16x4+1) [利用 (III)]
(2x−1)(2x+1)(4x2+1)(16x4+1)=(16x4−1)(16x4+1)
(2x−1)(2x+1)(4x2+1)(16x4+1)=(16x4)2−(1)2 [利用 (III)]
(2x−1)(2x+1)(4x2+1)(16x4+1)=256x8−1
(iii) 给定的表达式是 (7m−8n)2+(7m+8n)2。
(7m−8n)2+(7m+8n)2=[(7m)2−2(7m)(8n)+(8n)2]+[(7m)2+2(7m)(8n)+(8n)2] [利用 (I) 和 (II)]
(7m−8n)2+(7m+8n)2=(49m2−112mn+64n2)+(49m2+112mn+64n2)
(7m−8n)2+(7m+8n)2=49m2+49m2−112mn+112mn+64n2+64n2
(7m−8n)2+(7m+8n)2=98m2+128n2
(iv) 给定的表达式是 (2.5p−1.5q)2−(1.5p−2.5q)2。
(2.5p−1.5q)2−(1.5p−2.5q)2=[(2.5p−1.5q)+(1.5p−2.5q)][(2.5p−1.5q)−(1.5p−2.5q)] [利用 (III)]
(2.5p−1.5q)2−(1.5p−2.5q)2=(2.5p+1.5p−1.5q−2.5q)(2.5p−1.5p−1.5q+2.5q)
(2.5p−1.5q)2−(1.5p−2.5q)2=(4p−4q)(p+q)
(2.5p−1.5q)2−(1.5p−2.5q)2=4(p−q)(p+q) (提取公因数4)
(2.5p−1.5q)2−(1.5p−2.5q)2=4(p2−q2) [利用 (III)]
(v) 给定的表达式是 (m2−n2m)2+2m3n2。
(m2−n2m)2+2m3n2=[(m2)2−2(m2)(n2m)+(n2m)2]+2m3n2 [利用 (II)]
(m2−n2m)2+2m3n2=m4−2m3n2+n4m2+2m3n2
(m2−n2m)2+2m3n2=m4−2m3n2+2m3n2+n4m2
(m2−n2m)2+2m3n2=m4+n4m2