MySQL - SHOW CHARACTER SET 语句

MySQL SHOW CHARACTER SET 语句

MySQL 的字符集是一组字符串中允许使用的合法字符。MySQL 提供多种字符集，您可以使用 **SHOW CHARACTER SET** 语句查看所有可用字符集的列表。

语法

以下是 ALTER DATABASE 语句的语法：

SHOW CHARACTER SET
   [LIKE 'pattern' | WHERE expr]

示例

以下查询检索所有可用的字符集：

SHOW CHARACTER SET\G;

输出

以上查询产生以下输出：

*********** 1. row ***********
          Charset: armscii8
      Description: ARMSCII-8 Armenian
Default collation: armscii8_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 2. row ***********
          Charset: ascii
      Description: US ASCII
Default collation: ascii_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 3. row ***********
          Charset: big5
      Description: Big5 Traditional Chinese
Default collation: big5_chinese_ci
           Maxlen: 2
*********** 4. row ***********
          Charset: binary
      Description: Binary pseudo charset
Default collation: binary
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 5. row ***********
          Charset: cp1250
      Description: Windows Central European
Default collation: cp1250_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 6. row ***********
          Charset: cp1251
      Description: Windows Cyrillic
Default collation: cp1251_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 7. row ***********
          Charset: cp1256
      Description: Windows Arabic
Default collation: cp1256_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 8. row ***********
          Charset: cp1257
      Description: Windows Baltic
Default collation: cp1257_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 9. row ***********
          Charset: cp850
      Description: DOS West European
Default collation: cp850_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 10. row ***********
          Charset: cp852
      Description: DOS Central European
Default collation: cp852_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 11. row ***********
          Charset: cp866
      Description: DOS Russian
Default collation: cp866_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 12. row ***********
          Charset: cp932
      Description: SJIS for Windows Japanese
Default collation: cp932_japanese_ci
           Maxlen: 2
*********** 13. row ***********
          Charset: dec8
      Description: DEC West European
Default collation: dec8_swedish_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 14. row ***********
          Charset: eucjpms
      Description: UJIS for Windows Japanese
Default collation: eucjpms_japanese_ci
           Maxlen: 3
*********** 15. row ***********
          Charset: euckr
      Description: EUC-KR Korean
Default collation: euckr_korean_ci
           Maxlen: 2
*********** 16. row ***********
          Charset: gb18030
      Description: China National Standard GB18030
Default collation: gb18030_chinese_ci
           Maxlen: 4
*********** 17. row ***********
          Charset: gb2312
      Description: GB2312 Simplified Chinese
Default collation: gb2312_chinese_ci
           Maxlen: 2
*********** 18. row ***********
          Charset: gbk
      Description: GBK Simplified Chinese
Default collation: gbk_chinese_ci
           Maxlen: 2
*********** 19. row ***********
          Charset: geostd8
      Description: GEOSTD8 Georgian
Default collation: geostd8_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 20. row ***********
          Charset: greek
      Description: ISO 8859-7 Greek
Default collation: greek_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 21. row ***********
          Charset: hebrew
      Description: ISO 8859-8 Hebrew
Default collation: hebrew_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 22. row ***********
          Charset: hp8
      Description: HP West European
Default collation: hp8_english_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 23. row ***********
          Charset: keybcs2
      Description: DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak
Default collation: keybcs2_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 24. row ***********
          Charset: koi8r
      Description: KOI8-R Relcom Russian
Default collation: koi8r_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 25. row ***********
          Charset: koi8u
      Description: KOI8-U Ukrainian
Default collation: koi8u_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 26. row ***********
          Charset: latin1
      Description: cp1252 West European
Default collation: latin1_swedish_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 27. row ***********
          Charset: latin2
      Description: ISO 8859-2 Central European
Default collation: latin2_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 28. row ***********
          Charset: latin5
      Description: ISO 8859-9 Turkish
Default collation: latin5_turkish_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 29. row ***********
          Charset: latin7
      Description: ISO 8859-13 Baltic
Default collation: latin7_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 30. row ***********
          Charset: macce
      Description: Mac Central European
Default collation: macce_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 31. row ***********
          Charset: macroman
      Description: Mac West European
Default collation: macroman_general_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 32. row ***********
          Charset: sjis
      Description: Shift-JIS Japanese
Default collation: sjis_japanese_ci
           Maxlen: 2
*********** 33. row ***********
          Charset: swe7
      Description: 7bit Swedish
Default collation: swe7_swedish_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 34. row ***********
          Charset: tis620
      Description: TIS620 Thai
Default collation: tis620_thai_ci
           Maxlen: 1
*********** 35. row ***********
          Charset: ucs2
      Description: UCS-2 Unicode
Default collation: ucs2_general_ci
           Maxlen: 2
*********** 36. row ***********
          Charset: ujis
      Description: EUC-JP Japanese
Default collation: ujis_japanese_ci
           Maxlen: 3
*********** 37. row ***********
          Charset: utf16
      Description: UTF-16 Unicode
Default collation: utf16_general_ci
           Maxlen: 4
*********** 38. row ***********
          Charset: utf16le
      Description: UTF-16LE Unicode
Default collation: utf16le_general_ci
           Maxlen: 4
*********** 39. row ***********
          Charset: utf32
      Description: UTF-32 Unicode
Default collation: utf32_general_ci
           Maxlen: 4
*********** 40. row ***********
          Charset: utf8mb3
      Description: UTF-8 Unicode
Default collation: utf8mb3_general_ci
           Maxlen: 3
*********** 41. row ***********
          Charset: utf8mb4
      Description: UTF-8 Unicode
Default collation: utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci
           Maxlen: 4

LIKE 子句

使用 LIKE 子句，您可以指定模式来检索指定字符集的描述：

SHOW CHARACTER SET LIKE '%utf%';

输出

以下是以上查询的输出：

WHERE 子句

您可以使用 SHOW CHARACTER SET 语句的 WHERE 子句来检索与指定条件匹配的变量的描述。

SHOW CHARACTER SET WHERE Maxlen =4;

输出

执行上述查询后，将产生以下输出：