Pygame - 精灵模块

在我们游戏窗口中绘制的任何可以四处移动的位图都称为精灵。pygame.sprite 模块包含在游戏开发中非常有用的类和功能。除了用于创建精灵对象集合的精灵类之外，还有一些函数可以实现精灵对象的碰撞检测。

精灵类作为游戏中不同对象的基类。你可能需要将多个对象放入组中。为此，也提供了组类。

让我们首先通过子类化 sprite.Sprite 类来开发一个精灵类。这个 Block 类的每个对象都是一个填充黑色矩形的块。

class Block(pygame.sprite.Sprite):

   def __init__(self, color, width, height):
      super().__init__()

      self.image = pygame.Surface([width, height])
      self.image.fill(color)

      self.rect = self.image.get_rect()

我们将创建 50 个块对象并将它们放入列表中。

for i in range(50):
   block = Block(BLACK, 20, 15)

   # Set a random location for the block
   block.rect.x = random.randrange(screen_width)
   block.rect.y = random.randrange(screen_height)
   
   # Add the block to the list of objects
   block_list.add(block)
   all_sprites_list.add(block)

我们创建一个红色块，将其称为 player，并将其添加到列表中。

# Create a RED player block
player = Block(RED, 20, 15)
all_sprites_list.add(player)

在游戏的事件循环中，检测红色块 (player) 在随鼠标移动的同时与黑色块的碰撞，并计算碰撞次数。

示例

事件循环代码如下：

while not done:
   for event in pygame.event.get():
      if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
         done = True
   
   # Clear the screen
   screen.fill(WHITE)

   # Get the current mouse position. This returns the position
   # as a list of two numbers.
   pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()

   # Fetch the x and y out of the list,
      # just like we'd fetch letters out of a string.
   # Set the player object to the mouse location
   player.rect.x = pos[0]
   player.rect.y = pos[1]

   # See if the player block has collided with anything.
   blocks_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, block_list, True)

   # Check the list of collisions.
   for block in blocks_hit_list:
      score += 1
      print(score)

   # Draw all the spites
   all_sprites_list.draw(screen)

   # Go ahead and update the screen with what we've drawn.
   pygame.display.flip()

   # Limit to 60 frames per second
   clock.tick(60)

pygame.quit()

输出

运行上面的代码。移动 player 块以捕获尽可能多的黑色块。分数将回显在控制台上。