Spring Boot - 创建 Docker 镜像



Docker 是一种容器管理服务,简化了构建和部署。如果您是 Docker 初学者,可以通过此链接详细了解它:https://tutorialspoint.com/docker/index.htm

在本章中,我们将了解如何使用 Maven 和 Gradle 依赖项为您的 Spring Boot 应用程序创建 Docker 镜像。

创建 Dockerfile

首先,在 src/main/docker 目录下创建一个名为 Dockerfile 的文件,内容如下所示。请注意,此文件对于创建 Docker 镜像至关重要。

FROM java:8
VOLUME /tmp
ADD dockerapp-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar app.jar
RUN bash -c 'touch /app.jar'
ENTRYPOINT ["java","-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom","-jar","/app.jar"]

Maven

对于 Maven,请将 Docker Maven 插件添加到您的构建配置文件 pom.xml

<properties> <docker.image.prefix>spring-boot-tutorialspoint</docker.image.prefix> </properties> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>com.spotify</groupId> <artifactId>docker-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.0.0</version> <configuration> <imageName>${docker.image.prefix}/${project.artifactId}</imageName> <dockerDirectory>src/main/docker</dockerDirectory> <resources> <resource> <directory>${project.build.directory}</directory> <include>${project.build.finalName}.jar</include> </resource> </resources> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build>

完整的 pom.xml 文件如下所示:

pom.xml

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?> <project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.tutorialspoint</groupId> <artifactId>dockerapp</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>dockerapp</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>3.3.3</version> <relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>21</java.version> <docker.image.prefix>spring-boot-tutorialspoint</docker.image.prefix> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>com.spotify</groupId> <artifactId>docker-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.0.0</version> <configuration> <imageName>${docker.image.prefix}/${project.artifactId}</imageName> <dockerDirectory>src/main/docker</dockerDirectory> <resources> <resource> <directory>${project.build.directory}</directory> <include>${project.build.finalName}.jar</include> </resource> </resources> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>

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编译和执行

现在,您可以使用 Maven 命令 mvn package docker:build 运行您的应用程序

MVN Package Docker Build

注意 - 在 tcp://127.0.0.1:2375 上启用 Expose 守护程序,不使用 TLS。

构建成功后,您可以在控制台上看到如下输出:

MVN Package Docker Output

现在,使用命令 docker images 查看 Docker 镜像,并在控制台上查看镜像信息。

Docker Images Command

Gradle

要使用 Gradle 构建配置文件构建 Docker 镜像,我们需要添加 docker 插件,并需要编写一个任务 buildDocker 来创建 Docker 镜像。

Gradle Docker 配置的代码如下所示。

buildscript {
   .....
   dependencies {
      .....
      classpath('se.transmode.gradle:gradle-docker:1.2')
   }
}

group = 'spring-boot-tutorialspoint'

.....
apply plugin: 'docker'

task buildDocker(type: Docker, dependsOn: build) {
   applicationName = jar.baseName
   dockerfile = file('src/main/docker/Dockerfile')
   doFirst {
      copy {
         from jar
         into stageDir
      }
   }
}

完整的 build.gradle 文件如下所示。

buildscript {
   ext {
      springBootVersion = '3.3.3'
   }
   repositories {
      mavenCentral()
   }
   dependencies {
      classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
      classpath('se.transmode.gradle:gradle-docker:1.2')
   }
}

group = 'spring-boot-tutorialspoint'

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
apply plugin: 'docker'

group = 'com.tutorialspoint'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = 21

repositories {
   mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
   compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
   testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
}
task buildDocker(type: Docker, dependsOn: build) {
   applicationName = jar.baseName
   dockerfile = file('src/main/docker/Dockerfile')
   doFirst {
      copy {
         from jar
         into stageDir
      }
   }
}

现在,使用以下命令创建 Docker 镜像:

gradle build buildDocker

Gradle Build Docker

执行命令后,您可以在控制台窗口中看到 BUILD SUCCESSFUL 日志。

Docker Build Successful

现在,使用命令 docker images 查看 Docker 镜像,并在控制台上查看镜像信息。

Get Image Info Using DockerImages
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