webalizer - Unix, Linux Command

NAME

webalizer - A web server log file analysis tool.

SYNOPSIS

webalizer [ option ... ] [ log-file ]

webazolver [ option ... ] [ log-file ]

DESCRIPTION

The Webalizer is a web server log file analysis program which produces usage statistics in HTML format for viewing with a browser. The results are presented in both columnar and graphical format, which facilitates interpretation. Yearly, monthly, daily and hourly usage statistics are presented, along with the ability to display usage by site, URL, referrer, user agent (browser), username, search strings, entry/exit pages, and country (some information may not be available if not present in the log file being processed).

The Webalizer supports CLF (common log format) log files, as well as Combined log formats as defined by NCSA and others, and variations of these which it attempts to handle intelligently. In addition, the Webalizer also supports wu-ftpd xferlog formatted log files, allowing analysis of ftp servers, and squid proxy logs. Logs may also be compressed, via gzip. If a compressed log file is detected, it will be automatically uncompressed while it is read. Compressed logs must have the standard gzip extension of .gz.

webazolver is normally just a symbolic link to the webalizer. When run as webazolver, only DNS file creation/updates are performed, and the program will exit once complete. All normal options and configuration directives are available, however many will not be used. In addition, a DNS cache file must be specified. If the number of DNS children processes to use are not specified, the webazolver will default to 5.

This documentation applies to The Webalizer Version 2.01

RUNNING THE WEBALIZER

The Webalizer was designed to be run from a Unix command line prompt or as a crond(8) job. Once executed, the general flow of the program is:

Tag	Description
o	A default configuration file is scanned for. A file named webalizer.conf is searched for in the current directory, and if found, and is owned by the invoking user, then its configuration data is parsed. If the file is not present in the current directory, the file /etc/webalizer.conf is searched for and, if found, is used instead.
o	Any command line arguments given to the program are parsed. This may include the specification of a configuration file, which is processed at the time it is encountered.
o	If a log file was specified, it is opened and made ready for processing. If no log file was given, STDIN is used for input. If the log filename ’-’ is specified, STDIN will be forced.
o	If an output directory was specified, the program does a chdir(2) to that directory in prepration for generating output. If no output directory was given, the current directory is used.
o	If a non-zero number of DNS Children processes were specified, they will be started, and the specified log file will be processed, creating or updating the specified DNS cache file.
o	If no hostname was given, the program attempts to get the hostname using a uname(2) system call. If that fails, localhost is used.
o	A history file is searched for in the current directory (output directory) and read if found. This file keeps totals for previous months, which is used in the main index.html HTML document. Note: The file location can now be specified with the HistoryName configuration option.
o	If incremental processing was specified, a data file is searched for and loaded if found, containing the ’internal state’ data of the program at the end of a previous run. Note: The file location can now be specified with the IncrementalName configuration option.
o	Main processing begins on the log file. If the log spans multiple months, a seperate HTML document is created for each month.
o	After main processing, the main index.html page is created, which has totals by month and links to each months HTML document.
o	A new history file is saved to disk, which includes totals generated by The Webalizer during the current run.
o	If incremental processing was specified, a data file is written that contains the ’internal state’ data at the end of this run.

INCREMENTAL PROCESSING

Version 1.2x of The Webalizer adds incremental run capability. Simply put, this allows processing large log files by breaking them up into smaller pieces, and processing these pieces instead. What this means in real terms is that you can now rotate your log files as often as you want, and still be able to produce monthly usage statistics without the loss of any detail. Basically, The Webalizer saves and restores all internal data in a file named webalizer.current. This allows the program to ’start where it left off’ so to speak, and allows the preservation of detail from one run to the next. The data file is placed in the current output directory, and is a plain ascii text file that can be viewed with any standard text editor. It’s location and name may be changed using the IncrementalName configuration keyword.

Some special precautions need to be taken when using the incremental run capability of The Webalizer. Configuration options should not be changed between runs, as that could cause corruption of the internal data stored. For example, changing the MangleAgents level will cause different representations of user agents to be stored, producing invalid results in the user agents section of the report. If you need to change configuration options, do it at the end of the month after normal processing of the previous month and before processing the current month. You may also want to delete the webalizer.current file as well.

The Webalizer also attempts to prevent data duplication by keeping track of the timestamp of the last record processed. This timestamp is then compared to current records being processed, and any records that were logged previous to that timestamp are ignored. This, in theory, should allow you to re-process logs that have already been processed, or process logs that contain a mix of processed/not yet processed records, and not produce duplication of statistics. The only time this may break is if you have duplicate timestamps in two seperate log files... any records in the second log file that do have the same timestamp as the last record in the previous log file processed, will be discarded as if they had already been processed. There are lots of ways to prevent this however, for example, stopping the web server before rotating logs will prevent this situation. This setup also necessitates that you always process logs in chronological order, otherwise data loss will occur as a result of the timestamp compare.

REVERSE DNS LOOKUPS

The Webalizer supports reverse DNS lookups through a DNS cache file that is either created/updated at run-time, or has been previously created, either by a previous run of the webalizer, or by running the stand-alone version, webazolver. In order to perform reverse DNS lookups, a DNSCache filename must be specified. In order to create/update the cache file at run-time, the DNSChildren number must be non-zero. The DNSChildren value specifies the number of children processes to fork, each of which will perform reverse DNS lookups in order to create/update the DNS cache file. See the file DNS.README for additional information.

COMMAND LINE OPTIONS

The Webalizer supports many different configuration options that will alter the way the program behaves and generates output. Most of these can be specified on the command line, while some can only be specified in a configuration file. The command line options are listed below, with references to the corresponding configuration file keywords.

General Options

Tag	Description
-h	Display all available command line options and exit program.
-v -V	Display program version and exit program.
-d	Debug. Display debugging information for errors and warnings.
-i	IgnoreHist. Ignore history. USE WITH CAUTION. This will cause The Webalizer to ignore any previous monthly history file only. Incremental data (if present) is still processed.
-p	Incremental. Preserve internal data between runs.
-q	Quiet. Supress informational messages. Does not supress warnings or errors.
-Q	ReallyQuiet. Supress all messages including warnings and errors.
-T	TimeMe. Force display of timing information at end of processing.
-c file	Use configuration file file.
-n name	HostName. Use the hostname name.
-o dir	OutputDir. Use output directory dir.
-t name	ReportTitle. Use name for report title.
-F ( clf \| ftp \| squid )
	LogType. Specify log type to be processed. Value can be either clf, ftp or squid format. If not specified, will default to CLF format. FTP logs must be in standard wu-ftpd xferlog format.
-f	FoldSeqErr. Fold out of sequence log records back into analysis, by treating as if they were the same date/time as the last good record. Normally, out of sequence log records are simply ignored.
-Y	CountryGraph. Supress country graph.
-G	HourlyGraph. Supress hourly graph.
-x name	HTMLExtension. Defines HTML file extension to use. If not specified, defaults to html. Do not include the leading period.
-H	HourlyStats. Supress hourly statistics.
-L	GraphLegend. Supress color coded graph legends.
-l num	GraphLines. Specify number of background lines. Default is 2. Use zero (’0’) to disable the lines.
-P name	PageType. Specify file extensions that are considered pages. Sometimes referred to as pageviews.
-m num	VisitTimeout. Specify the Visit timeout period. Specified in number of seconds. Default is 1800 seconds (30 minutes).
-I name	IndexAlias. Use the filename name as an additional alias for index..
-M num	MangleAgents. Mangle user agent names according to the mangle level specified by num. Mangle levels are:

Tag	Description
	5 Browser name and major version.
	4 Browser name, major and minor version.
	3 Browser name, major version, minor version to two decimal places.
	2 Browser name, major and minor versions and sub-version.
	1 Browser name, version and machine type if possible.
	0 All informaiton (left unchanged).

Tag	Description
-g num	GroupDomains. Automatically group sites by domain. The grouping level specified by num can be thought of as ’the number of dots’ to display in the grouping. The default value of 0 disables any domain grouping.
-D name	DNSCache. Use the DNS cache file name.
-N num	DNSChildren. Use num DNS children processes to perform DNS lookups, either creating or updateing the DNS cache file. Specify zero (0) to disable cache file creation/updates. If given, a DNS cache filename must be specified.
Hide Options
-a name	HideAgent. Hide user agents matching name.
-r name	HideReferrer. Hide referrer matching name.
-s name	HideSite. Hide site matching name.
-X name	HideAllSites. Hide all individual sites (only display groups).
-u name	HideURL. Hide URL matching name.
Table size options
-A num	TopAgents. Display the top num user agents table.
-R num	TopReferrers. Display the top num referrers table.
-S num	TopSites. Display the top num sites table.
-U num	TopURLs. Display the top num URL’s table.
-C num	TopCountries. Display the top num countries table.
-e num	TopEntry. Display the top num entry pages table.
-E num	TopExit. Display the top num exit pages table.

CONFIGURATION FILES

Configuration files are standard ascii(7) text files that may be created or edited using any standard editor. Blank lines and lines that begin with a pound sign (’#’) are ignored. Any other lines are considered to be configurgation lines, and have the form "Keyword Value", where the 'Keyword' is one of the currently available configuration keywords defined below, and ’Value’ is the value to assign to that particular option. Any text found after the keyword up to the end of the line is considered the keyword’s value, so you should not include anything after the actual value on the line that is not actually part of the value being assigned. The file sample.conf provided with the distribution contains lots of useful documentation and examples as well.

General Configuration Keywords

Tag	Description
LogFile name
	Use log file named name. If none specified, STDIN will be used.
LogType name
	Specify log file type as name. Values can be either web, squid or ftp, with the default being web.
OutputDir dir
	Create output in the directory dir. If none specified, the current directory will be used.
HistoryName name
	Filename to use for history file. Relative to output directory unless absolute name is given (ie: starts with ’/’). Defaults to 'webalizer.hist’ in the standard output directory.
ReportTitle name
	Use the title string name for the report title. If none specified, use the default of (in english) "Usage Statistics for ".
Hostname name
	Set the hostname for the report as name. If none specified, an attempt will be made to gather the hostname via a uname(2) system call. If that fails, localhost will be used.
UseHTTPS ( yes \| no )
	Use https:// on links to URLS, instead of the default http://, in the ’Top URL’s’ table.
Quiet ( yes \| no )
	Supress informational messages. Warning and Error messages will not be supressed.
ReallyQuiet ( yes \| no )
	Supress all messages, including Warning and Error messages.
Debug ( yes \| no )
	Print extra debugging information on Warnings and Errors.
TimeMe ( yes \| no )
	Force timing information at end of processing.
GMTTime ( yes \| no )
	Use GMT (UTC) time instead of local timezone for reports.
IgnoreHist ( yes \| no )
	Ignore previous monthly history file. USE WITH CAUTION. Does not prevent Incremental file processing.
FoldSeqErr ( yes \| no )
	Fold out of sequence log records back into analysis by treating them as if they had the same date/time as the last good record. Normally, out of sequence log records are ignored.
CountryGraph ( yes \| no )
	Display Country Usage Graph in output report.
DailyGraph ( yes \| no )
	Display Daily Graph in output report.
DailyStats ( yes \| no )
	Display Daily Statistics in output report.
HourlyGraph ( yes \| no )
	Display Hourly Graph in output report.
HourlyStats ( yes \| no )
	Display Hourly Statistics in output report.
PageType name
	Define the file extensions to consider as a page. If a file is found to have the same extension as name, it will be counted as a page (sometimes called a pageview).
GraphLegend ( yes \| no )
	Allows the color coded graph legends to be enabled/disabled.
GraphLines num
	Specify the number of background reference lines displayed on the graphs produced. Disable by using zero (’0’), default is 2.
VisitTimeout num
	Specifies the visit timeout value. Default is 1800 seconds (30 minutes). A visit is determined by looking at the difference in time between the current and last request from a specific site. If the difference is greater or equal to the timeout value, the request is counted as a new visit. Specified in seconds.
IndexAlias name
	Use name as an additional alias for index.*.
MangleAgents num
	Mangle user agent names based on mangle level num. See the -M command line switch for mangle levels and their meaning. The default is 0, which doesn’t mangle user agents at all.
SearchEngine name variable
	Allows the specification of search engines and their query strings. The name is the name to match against the referrer string for a given search engine. The variable is the cgi variable that the search engine uses for queries. See the sample.conf file for example usage with common search engines.
Incremental ( yes \| no )
	Enable Incremental mode processing.
IncrementalName name
	Filename to use for incremental data. Relative to output directory unless an absolute name is given (ie: starts with ’/’). Defaults to 'webalizer.current’ in the standard output directory.
DNSCache name
	Filename to use for the DNS cache. Relative to output directory unless an absolute name is given (ie: starts with ’/’).
DNSChildren num
	Number of children DNS processes to run in order to create/update the DNS cache file. Specify zero (0) to disable.
Top Table Keywords
TopAgents num
	Display the top num User Agents table. Use zero to disable.
AllAgents ( yes \| no )
	Create seperate HTML page with All User Agents.
TopReferrers num
	Display the top num Referrers table. Use zero to disable.
AllReferrers ( yes \| no )
	Create seperate HTML page with All Referrers.
TopSites num
	Display the top num Sites table. Use zero to disable.
TopKSites num
	Display the top num Sites (by KByte) table. Use zero to disable.
AllSites ( yes \| no )
	Create seperate HTML page with All Sites.
TopURLs num
	Display the top num URLs table. Use zero to disable.
TopKURLs num
	Display the top num URLs (by KByte) table. Use zero to disable.
AllURLs ( yes \| no )
	Create seperate HTML page with All URLs.
TopCountries num
	Display the top num Countries in the table. Use zero to disable.
TopEntry num
	Display the top num Entry Pages in the table. Use zero to disable.
TopExit num
	Display the top num Exit Pages in the table. Use zero to disable.
TopSearch num
	Display the top num Search Strings in the table. Use zero to disable.
AllSearchStr ( yes \| no )
	Create seperate HTML page with All Search Strings.
TopUsers num
	Display the top num Usernames in the table. Use zero to disable. Usernames are only available if using http based authentication.
AllUsers ( yes \| no )
	Create seperate HTML page with All Usernames.
Hide/Ignore/Group/Include Keywords
HideAgent name
	Hide User Agents that match name.
HideReferrer name
	Hide Referrers that match name.
HideSite name
	Hide Sites that match name.
HideAllSites ( yes \| no )
	Hide all individual sites. This causes only grouped sites to be displayed.
HideURL name
	Hide URL’s that match name.
HideUser name
	Hide Usernames that match name.
IgnoreAgent name
	Ignore User Agents that match name.
IgnoreReferrer name
	Ignore Referrers that match name.
IgnoreSite name
	Ignore Sites that match name.
IgnoreURL name
	Ignore URL’s that match name.
IgnoreUser name
	Ignore Usernames that match name.
GroupAgent name [Label]
	Group User Agents that match name. Display Label in ’Top Agent’ table if given (instead of name).
GroupReferrer name [Label]
	Group Referrers that match name. Display Label in ’Top Referrer’ table if given (instead of name).
GroupSite name [Label]
	Group Sites that match name. Display Label in ’Top Site’ table if given (instead of name).
GroupDomains num
	Automatically group sites by domain. The value num specifies the level of grouping, and can be thought of as the ’number of dots’ to be displayed. The default value of 0 disables domain grouping.
GroupURL name [Label]
	Group URL’s that match name. Display Label in ’Top URL’ table if given (instead of name).
GroupUser name [Label]
	Group Usernames that match name. Display Label in ’Top Usernames’ table if given (instead of name).
IncludeSite name
	Force inclusion of sites that match name. Takes precedence over Ignore# keywords.
IncludeURL name
	Force inclusion of URL’s that match name. Takes precedence over Ignore# keywords.
IncludeReferrer name
	Force inclusion of Referrers that match name. Takes precedence over Ignore# keywords.
IncludeAgent name
	Force inclusion of User Agents that match name. Takes precedence over Ignore* keywords.
IncludeUser name
	Force inclusion of Usernames that match name. Takes precedence over Ignore* keywords.
HTML Generation Keywords
HTMLExtension text
	Defines the HTML file extension to use. Default is html. Do not include the leading period!
HTMLPre text
	Insert text at the very beginning of the generated HTML file. Defaults to a standard html 3.2 DOCTYPE record.
HTMLHead text
	Insert text within the <HEAD></HEAD> block of the HTML file.
HTMLBody text
	Insert text in HTML page, starting with the <BODY> tag. If used, the first line must be a <BODY ...> tag. Multiple lines may be specified.
HTMLPost text
	Insert text at top (before horiz. rule) of HTML pages. Multiple lines may be specified.
HTMLTail text
	Insert text at bottom of the HTML page. The text is top and right aligned within a table column at the end of the report.
HTMLEnd text
	Insert text at the very end of the HTML page. If not specified, the default is to insert the ending </BODY> and </HTML> tags. If used, you must supply these tags yourself.
Dump Object Keywords
The Webalizer allows you to export processed data to other programs by using tab delimited text files. The Dump* commands specify which files are to be written, and where.
DumpPath name
	Save dump files in directory name. If not specified, the default output directory will be used. Do not specify a trailing slash (/fP).
DumpExtension name
	Use name as the filename extension for dump files. If not given, the default of tab will be used.
DumpHeader ( yes \| no )
	Print a column header as the first record of the file.
DumpSites ( yes \| no )
	Dump the sites data to a tab delimited file.
DumpURLs ( yes \| no )
	Dump the url data to a tab delimited file.
DumpReferrers ( yes \| no )
	Dump the referrer data to a tab delimitd file. This data is only available if using a log that contains referrer information (ie: a combined format web log).
DumpAgents ( yes \| no )
	Dump the user agent data to a tab delimited file. This data is only available if using a log that contains user agent information (ie: a combined format web log).
DumpUsers ( yes \| no )
	Dump the username data to a tab delimited file. This data is only available if processing a wu-ftpd xferlog or a web log that contains http authentication information.
DumpSearchStr ( yes \| no )
	Dump the search string data to a tab delimited file. This data is only available if processing a web log that contains referrer information and had search string information present.

FILES

Tag	Description
webalizer.conf	Default configuration file. Is searched for in the current directory and if not found, in the /etc/ directory.
webalizer.hist	Monthly history file for previous 12 months. (can be changed)
webalizer.current	Current state data file (Incremental processing). (can be changed)
xxxxx_YYYYMM.html	Various monthly HTML output files produced. (extension can be changed)
xxxxx_YYYYMM.png	Various monthly image files used in the reports.
xxxxx_YYYYMM.tab	Monthly tab delimited text files. (extension can be changed)

BUGS

Report bugs to [email protected].

COPYRIGHT

AUTHOR

Bradford L. Barrett <[email protected]>

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